NguFinn Peacock – Unjiniyela Wezogesi Oyi-Chartered, owake waba ngu-CSIRO, umnikazi we-EV, umsunguli we-SolarQuotes.com.au
Ukuthi ucabanga ukuthenga i-EV, ulinde ukulethwa, noma ukushayela i-EV, ukwazi ukuthi (futhi kanjani) bayikhokhisa kuyingxenye ebalulekile yobunikazi.
Kulo mhlahlandlela, ngizodingida amandla (kW) namandla (kWh).Ukwazi umehluko kubalulekile!Abantu bayakuxuba lokhu ngaso sonke isikhathi - ngisho nabasebenza ngogesi okufanele bazi kangcono.
Imoto kaphethiloli ejwayelekile ithola ibanga elingamakhilomitha ayi-10 ukusuka kuphethiloli ilitha elingu-1. Imoto kagesi evamile ithola cishe amakhilomitha angu-6 ukusuka ku-1 kWh kagesi.
Imoto kaphethiloli, udinga amalitha angu-10 kaphethiloli ukuze uhambe amakhilomitha angu-100. Ngezindleko eziguquguqukayo ezingu-$1.40 ilitha likaphethiloli, 10 x $1.40 = $14 ngamakhilomitha angu-100.
Qaphela: Uphethiloli ungaphezu kuka-$2 ilitha ngesikhathi sokubhala - kodwa ngizonamathela ku-$1.40 ukukhombisa ukuthi ama-EV ashibhe kakhulu, noma umashiqela waseRussia engazange enze ihaba amanani kaphethiloli.
Emotweni kagesi, cishe i-16 kWh kagesi iyadingeka ukuze uhambe amakhilomitha ayi-100. Uma umdayisi wakho kagesi eshaja amasenti angu-21 nge-kWh ngayinye, izindleko ngu-16 x $0.21 = $3.36.
Izimoto zikagesi zibiza kancane ukuzishayela uma ucabanga ukushaja ngamaphaneli elanga noma ukushaja ngamanani angasebenzi kakhulu asuselwa ezindlekweni zesikhathi sokusebenzisa (i-ToU).
Uma unesikweletu sikagesi esingu-21c kanye nenani le-solar feed-in 8c, izindleko zizonke zokushaja imoto ngamandla elanga ngu-8c. Lokho kushibhe ngo-13c nge-kWh ngayinye kunokushaja imoto kagesi ephuma kugridi.
Izintengo zesikhathi sokusetshenziswa zikukhokhisa amanani ahlukene kagesi ngokusekelwe esikhathini sosuku osithola kugridi.
Qhathanisa amanani entengo kagesi ahlukene e-Aurora Energy Tasmania ngezikhathi ezihlukene zosuku:
Uma usetha ishaja yakho ye-EV ukuthi iqalise kuphela kulolu hlelo lwe-ToU nge-Aurora kusukela ngo-10am kuya ku-4pm, ibanga elingu-100km lizokubiza u-16 x $0.15 = $2.40.
Ikusasa lohlelo lukagesi lwase-Australia amanani entengo yesikhathi sokusebenzisa, ugesi oshibhe kakhulu emini (ilanga eliningi) kanye nasebusuku (ngokuvamile onomoya omningi kanye nesidingo esincane).
ENingizimu Australia, ukhokhiswa u-7.5 cents nge-kilowatt-hora ngayinye ngosuku ngesikhathi sokusebenzisa imali enikeza “isipontshi selanga.”
Abanye abathengisi baphinde banikeze amanani akhethekile e-EV lapho ungakhokha khona isilinganiso esiphansi se-kWh ngayinye ukuze ukhokhise i-EV yakho ngezikhathi ezithile, noma isilinganiso esiphansi sansuku zonke sokushaja okungenamkhawulo.
Okokugcina - qaphela "izindleko zokufunwa". Lezi zinhlelo zamandla kagesi zikukhokhisa isamba esiphansi sebhili kagesi, kodwa zingakufaka enkingeni enkulu uma ugesi wakho owusebenzisayo ungaphezu komkhawulo othile. Ukushaja i-EV yakho ngeshaja yezigaba ezi-3 engu-22 kW. kungase kusho ukuthi ukhokha ka-10 isikweletu sakho sikagesi esivamile!
Ishaja ye-EV eyisisekelo iyisisetshenziswa esilula kakhulu.Umsebenzi wayo ukuvele “ubuze” imoto ukuthi ingavuma noma yikuphi ukushaja, futhi uma kunjalo, inikeze amandla ngokuphephile emotweni ize itshelwe ukuthi ime.
Ishaja ye-EV ayikwazi ukunika imoto amandla ngokushesha kunalokho okucelwa yimoto (okuyingozi), kodwa uma unobuhlakani obuthile, inganquma ukunehlisa ukushaja noma ngokusekelwe kwezinye izimo – isibonelo:
Amashaja e-Home EV nawo ayi-AC.Lokho kusho ukuthi abenzanga lutho olukhethekile.Avele alawule ama-kilowatts angu-230V AC aya emotweni.
Eqinisweni, ibhokisi le-electronics ongalithenga ukuze ushaje imoto yakho ngokobuchwepheshe aliyona ishaja.Ngoba elikwenzayo ukunikeza amandla e-AC alawulwayo. Ngokobuchwepheshe, ishaja yangempela isemotweni, iguqulela i-AC ibe yi-DC futhi inakekela zonke ezinye. ukushaja imisebenzi.
Le shaja ye-EV engaphakathi inomkhawulo wamandla aqinile ekuguquleni kwayo kwe-AC-DC.11 kilowatts awumkhawulo wezimoto eziningi zikagesi - njenge-Tesla Model 3 ne-Mini Cooper SE.
I-Nerd confession: Ngobuchwepheshe kufanele ngibize idivayisi oyixhume emotweni yakho ngokuthi i-EVSE (Isisetshenziswa Sokuhlinzeka Ngemoto Kagesi). Kodwa lokho kuzodida abantu abaningi, ngakho engcupheni yokuthola i-imeyili ethukuthele evela kunjiniyela osewathatha umhlalaphansi, ngibiza lawa madivayisi ngokuthi “amashaja .”
Amashaja e-EV asesidlangalaleni azinikele anesivinini esikhulu ngokwawo awashaja afaka amandla e-DC ngqo ebhethrini.Awanqunyelwe ishaja yemoto ngoba awayisebenzisi.
Uma imoto yakho ikwazi ukuyithwala, laba bafana abangalungile bangashaja kufika ku-350 kW we-DC. Qaphela ukuthi kufanele behlise ijubane kakhulu uma ibhethri lakho lifinyelela cishe ku-70%.Noma kunjalo, bangakwazi ukwengeza ibanga elingamakhilomitha angu-350 ngemizuzu eyi-10 nje. .
Imboni isebenzise amagama achaza ukushaja okunensayo, okumaphakathi nokusheshayo. Kunalokho kuyadabukisa, kubizwa ngokuthi i-Level 1, Level 2, kanye ne-Level 3 yokushaja.
Ishaja yeleveli 1 imane iyikhebula nesitini sikagesi esixhumeka endaweni yamandla evamile. Ishaja ngo-1.8 kuya ku-2.4 kW ukusuka esokhethini evamile yasendlini.
Ithiphu yochwepheshe: Uma i-automaker yakho ingakunikezi isixhumi seselula semoto yakho, qiniseka ukuthi uyasithenga futhi usigcine esiqwini - singakongela usuku lukabhekeni ngisho noma ungakaze usisebenzise ngesikhathi sasekhaya.
Ukukhombisa ukuthi kusho ukuthini izinga lokushaja likaLeveli 1 elingu-1.8 kW – lizongeza u-1.8 kWh ngehora ebhethrini lemoto yakho.
I-kWh engu-1 yamandla ebhethri ye-EV ilingana nobubanzi obungamakhilomitha angu-6. Ngakho-ke, ishaja yeleveli 1 inganikeza ibanga elingamakhilomitha ayi-10 ngehora. Uma ushaja imoto ngobusuku obubodwa (cishe amahora angu-8), uzongeza mayelana Amakhilomitha angama-80 ububanzi.
Kodwa ileveli 1 ingashaja ngesivinini esiphezulu.Kuya ngomkhiqizi, idivayisi yakho ingase ibe namapulaki ashintshekayo.
Wonke amashaja e-EV aphathwayo afika namapulaki angu-10A avamile, afana nazo zonke ezinye izinto zikagesi ezisendlini yakho, kodwa ezinye futhi ziza namapulaki angu-15A ashintshashintshayo.Lokhu kunendawo ebanzi yomhlabathi futhi kudinga isokhethi elikhethekile elikwazi ukuphatha izintambo eziwugqinsi ku-15A. ungumnikazi umahamba-nendlwana, cishe ujwayelene nabo.
Amanye amashaja eselula “anomsila” ongu-15A.Lawa amaphethelo angu-10A kanye no-15A afika neshaja yeselula ye-Tesla e-Australia.
Uma ishaja yakho ephathekayo ingu-15A ekugcineni futhi ufuna ukushaja ekhaya, uzodinga indawo yokupaka engu-15A endaweni yokupaka izimoto zakho. Lindela ukukhokha cishe u-$500 walokhu kufakwa.
Iqiniso Le-Nerd: Uma i-voltage yegridi yangakini iphezulu (kufanele ibe ngu-230V, kodwa ngokuvamile ibe ngu-240V+), uzothola amandla engeziwe ngoba amandla = i-voltage x yamanje.
Iqiniso elimangalisayo lebhonasi: Ngokuya ngomkhiqizi, amashaja eselula ngokuvamile akhawulelwe ku-80% wesikhathi sawo esilinganiselwe. Ngakho-ke ishaja engu-10A ingase isebenze ku-8A kuphela, futhi idivayisi engu-15A ingase isebenze ngo-12A kuphela. kwakusho ukuthi angikwazanga ukuhlinzeka ngesivinini esinembile sokushaja se-EV sesixhumi seselula.
Iqiniso le-Tesla Nerd: Amashaja eselula e-Tesla angeniswe ngemuva kukaNovemba 2021 angashaja ngo-10A noma 15A ogcwele, kuye ngomsila osetshenzisiwe.
Ithiphu yochwepheshe: Uma une-Tesla yakamuva futhi unenhlanhla yokuba nendawo yokuphuma yezigaba ezintathu egaraji, ungathenga umsila wenkampani yangaphandle ongashaja ku-4.8 kuya ku-7kW (20 kuya ku-32A) usebenzisa isixhumi seselula.
âš¡ï¸ âš¡ï¸ Isivinini sokushaja: Cishe.Ibanga elingu-40 km/h (isigaba esisodwa) noma kufika ku-130 km/h (izigaba ezintathu)
Ukushaja okuleveli 2 kudinga ishaja yodonga ezinikele enezintambo zayo ezizinikele ezibuyela emgqeni wakho wamandla.
Amashaja eleveli 2 abiza u-$900 kuya ku-$2500 wezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha futhi cishe u-$500 kuya ngaphezulu kuka-$1000 ukuze uwafake.La manani athatha umugqa wakho wamandla kanye namapayipi amakhulu angakwazi ukuthwala umthwalo owengeziwe.Uma bengakwazi, ukuthuthukisa ukunikezwa kwakho kungabiza izinkulungwane zamaRandi.
Ishaja yesigaba esisodwa engu-7 kW Level 2 ingangeza ibanga elingamakhilomitha angu-40 ngehora.Uma imoto yakho ikwazi ukukuthwala, ishaja ye-EV yezigaba ezintathu engu-22 kW izokwengeza cishe amakhilomitha angu-130 ngehora lebanga.
Iqiniso Elihle: Nakuba amashaja ezigaba ezi-3, eleveli-2 angakhipha amandla afika ku-22 kW, izimoto eziningi azikwazi ukuguqula amandla e-AC ngokushesha okungaka.Hlola imininingwane yemoto yakho ukuze ubone izinga layo eliphezulu lokushaja kwe-AC.
Le shaja iyi-DC ngokuphelele futhi inamandla angu-50 kW kuya ku-350 kW. Ibiza ngaphezu kuka-$100,000 ukuze uyifake futhi idinga umthombo wamandla omkhulu, ngakho mancane amathuba okuthi uyifake ekhaya lakho.
Inethiwekhi yeSupercharger kaTesla iyisibonelo esidume kakhulu seshaja yeLeveli 3. Ishaja evame kakhulu “V2″ inomthamo omkhulu ophumayo ongu-120 kW kanye nebanga lokuhamba ibanga elingu-180 km ngemizuzu engu-15.
Inethiwekhi kaTesla yeziteshi ze-Supercharger izinikeza inzuzo yokuncintisana ngaphezu kwabanye abakhiqizi be-EV ngenxa yendawo yabo emizileni yokuhamba edumile, ukwethembeka/ubude besikhathi, kanye nomthamo omkhulu uma kuqhathaniswa namanye amashaja eLeveli 3.
Kodwa-ke, njengoba izimoto zikagesi zivame kakhulu, amanye amanethiwekhi ancintisanayo kulindeleke ukuthi avele ezweni lonke futhi athuthukise ukuthembeka kwawo.
Iqiniso le-Tesla Nerd: Amashaja abomvu namhlophe ase-Australia e-“V2″ Tesla Supercharger ashaja ngokushesha e-DC, avame ukushaja ngo-40-100 kW, kuye ngokuthi zingaki ezinye izimoto eziwasebenzisayo ngesikhathi esifanayo. Idlanzana lamashaja athuthukisiwe angu-'V3′ e-Australia ingashaja afinyelele ku-250 kW.
Ithiphu yochwepheshe: Qaphela amashaja e-AC ahamba kancane ohambweni lomgwaqo. Amanye amashaja aseceleni komgwaqo ayizinhlobo ze-AC ezihamba kancane ezingashaja kuphela ukusuka ku-3 ukuya ku-22 kW. Lezi zingakhuphuka kancane uma upaka, kodwa azisheshi ngokwanele ukuthi zishajwe kalula. ukuhamba.
Zonke izimoto zikagesi ezithengiswa e-Australia kusukela ngomhlaka-1 Januwari 2020 zifakwe isokhethi yokushaja i-AC ebizwa ngokuthi 'Type 2′ (noma ngezinye izikhathi 'Mennekes').
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-02-2022
