Yiziphi Izinhlobo Zebhethri Lemoto Kagesi Ezikhona?

Amabhethri emoto kagesi ayingxenye eyodwa ebiza kakhulu emotweni kagesi.

Intengo ephezulu isho ukuthi izimoto zikagesi zibiza kakhulu kunezinye izinhlobo zikaphethiloli, okwehlisa isivinini sokutholwa kwe-EV enkulu.

I-Lithium-ion
Amabhethri e-lithium-ion athandwa kakhulu. Ngaphandle kokungena emininingwaneni eminingi, bayakhipha futhi baphinde bashaje njengoba i-electrolyte ithwala i-lithium ion ene-positive isuka ku-anode iye ku-cathode, futhi ngokuphambene nalokho. Kodwa-ke, izinto ezisetshenziswa ku-cathode zingahluka phakathi kwamabhethri e-lithium-ion.

I-LFP, i-NMC, ne-NCA amakhemistri amathathu ahlukene amabhethri e-Lithium-ion. I-LFP isebenzisa i-Lithium-phosphate njengempahla ye-cathode; I-NMC isebenzisa i-Lithium, iManganese, ne-Cobalt; futhi i-NCA isebenzisa i-Nickel, i-Cobalt ne-Aluminium.

Izinzuzo zamabhethri e-Lithium-ion:
● Ukukhiqiza ishibhile kunamabhethri e-NMC ne-NCA.
● Ukuphila okude – letha imijikelezo yokushaja/yokukhipha engu-2,500-3,000 egcwele uma kuqhathaniswa no-1,000 wamabhethri e-NMC.
● Khiqiza ukushisa okuncane ngesikhathi sokushaja ukuze kulondoloze izinga eliphezulu lamandla isikhathi eside ejikeni lokushaja, okuholela ekushajeni okusheshayo ngaphandle kokulimala kwebhethri.
● Ingashajwa ibe ngu-100% ngokulimala okuncane kwebhethri njengoba isiza ukulinganisa ibhethri futhi inikeze izilinganiso zebanga ezinembe kakhudlwana - Abanikazi beModel 3 abanebhethri le-LFP bayelulekwa ukuthi bagcine umkhawulo wokushaja ubekwe ku-100%.

Ngonyaka odlule, uTesla empeleni unikeze amakhasimende ayo e-Model 3 eMelika ukukhetha phakathi kwe-NCA noma ibhethri ye-LFP. Ibhethri le-NCA belilula ngo-117kg futhi linikeza ububanzi obungamamayela angu-10, kodwa libe nesikhathi sokuhola eside kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, uTesla uphinde wancoma ukuthi okuhlukile kwebhethri ye-NCA kushajwe kuphela ku-90% womthamo wayo. Ngamanye amazwi, uma uhlela ukusebenzisa uhla olugcwele njalo, i-LFP isengaba inketho engcono.

I-Nickel-metal hydride
Amabhethri e-nickel-metal hydride (afushaniswe njenge-NiMH) ayiwona kuphela amabhethri e-lithium-ion asemakethe okwamanje, nakuba ngokuvamile atholakala ezimotweni zikagesi ezixubile (ikakhulukazi iToyota) ngokuphambene nezimoto zikagesi ezihlanzekile.

Isizathu esiyinhloko salokhu ukuthi ukuminyana kwamandla amabhethri e-NiMH angaphansi ngo-40% kunamabhethri e-lithium-ion.