Njengoba izimoto zikagesi (ama-EV) ziqhubeka nokuthola amandla emhlabeni jikelele, ingqalasizinda ezisekelayo kumele ihambisane nesivinini. Okubalulekile kulokhu kuthuthukiswa yiziteshi zokushaja izimoto zomphakathi, ezimelela ingqophamlando yobuchwepheshe bamanje bokushaja i-EV. Lesi sihloko sigxila ezicini ezahlukene zobuchwepheshe ezenza iziteshi zokushaja izimoto zomphakathi zibaluleke kakhulu esikhathini esizayo sokuhamba kukagesi.
1. Ubuchwepheshe Bokuguqulwa Kwamandla
Inhliziyo yazo zonke iziteshi zokushaja izimoto zomphakathi ikhona uhlelo lokuguqula amandla. Lobu buchwepheshe bunesibopho sokuguqula i-alternating current (AC) kusuka kugridi ibe yi-direct current (DC) efanelekela amabhethri e-EV ukushaja. Kusetshenziswa ama-converter asebenza kahle kakhulu ukunciphisa ukulahleka kwamandla phakathi nale nqubo yokuguqula. Ama-elekthronikhi anamandla athuthukisiwe aqinisekisa ukuthi umkhiqizo uzinzile futhi uyakwazi ukuletha amazinga aphezulu amandla, okunciphisa kakhulu isikhathi sokushaja uma kuqhathaniswa namashaja e-AC avamile.
2. Izinhlelo Zokupholisa
Ukukhishwa kwamandla aphezulu kweziteshi zokushaja izimoto zomphakathi kukhiqiza ukushisa okukhulu, okudinga izinhlelo zokupholisa eziqinile. Lezi zinhlelo zingapholiswa ngoketshezi noma zipholiswe ngomoya, kanti ukupholisa ngoketshezi kusebenza kahle kakhulu ekusetshenzisweni kwamandla aphezulu. Ukupholisa kahle kubalulekile hhayi kuphela ekuphepheni nasekuphileni isikhathi eside kwezingxenye zesiteshi sokushaja kodwa futhi nasekugcineni ukusebenza kahle kokushaja. Ngokuphatha ngempumelelo imithwalo yokushisa, lezi zinhlelo zokupholisa ziqinisekisa ukuthi isiteshi sokushaja izimoto zomphakathi sisebenza ngaphakathi kwamazinga okushisa aphephile ngisho nangesikhathi sokusetshenziswa okuphezulu.
3. Izinqubo Zokuxhumana
Iziteshi zokushaja izimoto zomphakathi zanamuhla zihlonyiswe ngezinhlelo zokuxhumana eziyinkimbinkimbi ezivumela ukusebenzisana okungenamthungo nama-EV kanye nezinhlelo zokuphatha eziphakathi. Izinqubo ezifana ne-ISO 15118 zenza kube lula ukushintshana kolwazi phakathi kweshaja nemoto, okuvumela ukusebenza okufana ne-Plug & Charge, lapho imoto ihlonzwa khona ngokuzenzakalelayo, futhi ukukhokhiswa kusingathwa kalula. Lolu ngqimba lokuxhumana luphinde luvumele ukuqapha kanye nokuxilonga ngesikhathi sangempela, okuqinisekisa ukuthi noma yiziphi izinkinga ngeziteshi zokushaja izimoto zomphakathi zingatholakala futhi zixazululwe ngokushesha.
4. Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-Smart Grid
Iziteshi zokushaja izimoto zomphakathi ziya ngokuya zihlanganiswa nobuchwepheshe begridi ehlakaniphile, okuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwazo kanye nokusimama. Ngokuhlanganisa igridi ehlakaniphile, lezi ziteshi zingathuthukisa izikhathi zokushaja ngokusekelwe ekudingweni kwegridi, zinciphise ukucindezeleka ngesikhathi samahora aphezulu futhi zisebenzise amazinga aphansi ngezikhathi ezingezona ezivamile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zingahlanganiswa nemithombo yamandla avuselelekayo, njengamandla elanga nawomoya, ukuze kuhlinzekwe amandla aluhlaza kuma-EV. Lokhu kuhlanganisa kusiza ekulinganiseni igridi nokukhuthaza ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ahlanzekile.
5. I-Interface Yomsebenzisi kanye Nesipiliyoni
Isixhumi esibonakalayo esisebenziseka kalula sibaluleke kakhulu ekwamukelweni kabanzi kweziteshi zokushaja izimoto zomphakathi. Izibonisi zesikrini sokuthinta, amamenyu anembile, kanye nokuxhumeka kohlelo lokusebenza lweselula kunikeza abasebenzisi ulwazi lokushaja olungenamthungo noluqondile. Lezi zixhumi zinikeza ulwazi lwesikhathi sangempela ngesimo sokushaja, isikhathi esilinganiselwe sokushaja okugcwele, kanye nezindleko. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izici ezifana nezinketho zokukhokha ngaphandle kokuthinta kanye nokuqapha okude ngezinhlelo zokusebenza zeselula kuthuthukisa ukusebenziseka kalula kwabasebenzisi.
6. Izindlela Zokuphepha
Ukuphepha kuyinto ebalulekile ekwakhiweni nasekusebenzeni kweziteshi zokushaja izimoto zomphakathi. Izindlela zokuphepha ezithuthukisiwe zifaka phakathi ukuvikelwa kwamaphutha omhlaba, ukuvikelwa kokushisa ngokweqile, kanye nezinhlelo zokuphatha ukushisa. Lezi zici ziqinisekisa ukuthi kokubili isiteshi sokushaja kanye ne-EV exhunyiwe zivikelwe emaphutheni kagesi kanye nokushisa ngokweqile. Ukuvuselelwa kwe-firmware njalo kanye nezinqubo zokuhlola eziqinile kuthuthukisa ukuthembeka nokuphepha kwalezi zinhlelo zokushaja.
7. Ukwanda kanye nokuqinisekisa ikusasa
Ukwanda kwengqalasizinda yokushaja izimoto zomphakathi kubalulekile ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nenani elikhulayo lama-EV. Imiklamo ye-Modular ivumela ukwanda okulula kwamanethiwekhi okushaja, okuvumela abaqhubi ukuthi bangeze izindawo zokushaja ezengeziwe njengoba isidingo sikhula. Ubuchwepheshe bokuvimbela ikusasa, njengokushaja okuqondiswayo (V2G - Vehicle to Grid), nabo buyahlanganiswa, okuvumela ama-EV ukuthi anikeze amandla emuva kugridi, ngaleyo ndlela asekele ukugcinwa kwamandla kanye nokuzinza kwegridi.
Isiphetho
Iziteshi zokushaja izimoto zomphakathi zimelela ukuhlangana kobuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe obuhlinzeka ngesisombululo sokushaja esisheshayo, esisebenzayo, nesiphephile sezimoto zikagesi. Kusukela ekuguqulweni kwamandla kanye nezinhlelo zokupholisa kuya ekuhlanganisweni kwegridi ehlakaniphile kanye nokuxhumana komsebenzisi, ungqimba ngalunye lobuchwepheshe lufaka isandla ekusebenzeni kahle nasekuthembekeni kwalezi ziteshi. Njengoba ukwamukelwa kwezimoto zikagesi kuqhubeka nokukhula, indima yeziteshi zokushaja izimoto zomphakathi izoba yinto ebaluleke kakhulu, iqhubekisele phambili ushintsho oluya ekusaseni lokuhamba elizinzile nelinogesi. Intuthuko eziteshini zokushaja izimoto zomphakathi ayigcini nje ngokwenza ukushaja kwe-EV kusheshe futhi kube lula kodwa futhi isekela nokusunduza komhlaba wonke ekuxazululeni amandla aluhlaza.
Xhumana nathi:
Ukuze uthole ukubonisana komuntu siqu kanye nemibuzo mayelana nezixazululo zethu zokushaja, sicela uxhumane noLesley:
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Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Agasti-03-2024
