Ukubuka konke kokushaja kwemoto entsha yamandla

Amapharamitha ebhethri

1.1 Amandla ebhethri

Iyunithi yamandla ebhethri yi-kilowatt-hora (kWh), eyaziwa nangokuthi “izinga”. I-1kWh isho “amandla asetshenziswa yithuluzi likagesi elinamandla angu-kilowatt angu-1 ihora elilodwa.” Ukuze kube lula ukuqonda, le ndaba yomphakathi isebenzisa kakhulu “izinga” ukuze iveze. Abafundi badinga ukwazi kuphela ukuthi iyiyunithi yamandla kagesi futhi akudingeki bangene encazelweni yayo.

[Isibonelo] Amandla ebhethri ezimoto nama-SUV anebanga elingamakhilomitha angu-500 angaba amadigri angu-60 namadigri angu-70 ngokulandelana. Njengamanje izimoto zikagesi ezihlanzekile ezikhiqizwa ngobuningi zingafakelwa amabhethri anezinga eliphezulu elingu-150 kwh kanye nebanga lokushayela elinomqondo ofinyelela ku-1,000km.

Kukhona ipuleti legama elinolwazi lwemoto emnyango ongaphambili kwesokudla (noma umnyango ongemuva kwesokudla) wemoto entsha yamandla. Izinga lebhethri libalwa ngokusebenzisa i-voltage elinganisiwe × umthamo olinganisiwe/1000. Umphumela obaliwe ungase uhluke kancane enanini elisemthethweni lenkampani yemoto.

1.2 I-SOC

I-SOC yisifinyezo segama elithi “Isimo secala", okubhekisela esimweni sokushaja kwebhethri, okungukuthi, amandla ebhethri asele, ngokuvamile aboniswa njengephesenti."

1.3 Uhlobo lwebhethri

Iningi elikhulu lezimoto ezintsha zamandla emakethe zisebenzisa amabhethri e-lithium-ion, angahlukaniswa ngamabhethri e-lithium iron phosphate kanye namabhethri e-ternary lithium.

Phakathi kwazo, kunezibonakaliso ezimbili eziqondile "zokungaguquguquki okungekuhle" kwamabhethri e-lithium iron phosphate. Okokuqala, isibonisi se-SOC asilungile: isibonelo, umbhali usanda kubona i-Xpeng P5, eyathatha imizuzu engama-50 ukushaja kusuka ku-20% kuya ku-99%, kuyilapho ishaja kusuka ku-99% kuya ku-Kwathatha imizuzu engama-30 ukufinyelela ku-100%, okusobala ukuthi kuyinkinga ngesibonisi se-SOC; okwesibili, ijubane lokwehlisa amandla alilingani (futhi kwenzeka kakhulu uma ishaja ngokugcwele): ezinye izimoto azibonisi ushintsho empilweni yebhethri ngemva kokushayela amakhilomitha ayi-10 ngemva kokushaja ngokugcwele, kuyilapho ezinye izimoto zingabonisi. Impilo yebhethri yehle yaya ku-5km ngemva kwezinyathelo ezimbalwa nje. Ngakho-ke, amabhethri e-lithium iron phosphate kufanele ashajwe ngokugcwele kanye ngesonto ukuze kulungiswe ukungaguquguquki kwamaseli.

Ngokuphambene nalokho, ngenxa yemvelo yezinto zokwakha, amabhethri e-ternary lithium awafanele ukupaka ngemuva kokushajwa ngokugcwele (kodwa angaqhubeka nokushayela afinyelele ngaphansi kuka-90% ngokushesha ngemuva kokushajwa ngokugcwele).Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uhlobo luni lwebhethri, akufanele lishayelwe ngaphansi kwezimo zebhethri eziphansi (i-SOC <20%), futhi akufanele lishajwe ezindaweni ezibucayi kakhulu (amazinga okushisa angaphezu kuka-30°C noma ngaphansi kuka-0°C).

Ngokwejubane lokushaja, izindlela zokushaja zingahlukaniswa ngokushaja okusheshayo kanye nokushaja okuhamba kancane.

(1)Ukushaja okusheshayo

I-voltage yokushaja okusheshayo ngokuvamile i-voltage yokusebenza yezimoto zikagesi (ikakhulukazi cishe i-360-400V). Ebangeni lamandla aphezulu, ugesi ungafinyelela ku-200-250A, okuhambisana namandla angu-70-100kW. Amanye amamodeli ane-charging njengendawo yokuthengisa angafinyelela ku-150kW nge-voltage ephezulu. ngenhla. Izimoto eziningi zingashaja kusuka ku-30% kuya ku-80% ngesigamu sehora.

[Isibonelo] Uma sithatha imoto enamandla ebhethri angama-degrees angu-60 (enebanga elingaba ngu-500km) njengesibonelo, ukushaja okusheshayo (amandla angu-60kW) kungadala i-canal yokushaja.shaja ibhethriimpilo yamakhilomitha angu-250 ngesigamu sehora (ibanga lamandla aphezulu)