Uhlolojikelele lokushaja imoto yamandla amasha

Amapharamitha ebhethri

1.1 Amandla ebhethri

Iyunithi yamandla ebhethri yi-kilowatt-hora (kWh), eyaziwa nangokuthi “idigri”. I-1kWh isho “amandla asetshenziswa into esebenza ngogesi enamandla ayi-kilowatt engu-1 ihora elilodwa.” Ukuze kube lula ukuqonda, le akhawunti yomphakathi ngokuvamile isebenzisa “iziqu” ukuyiveza. Abafundi badinga ukwazi kuphela ukuthi iyiyunithi yamandla kagesi futhi ayidingi ukuhlolisisa incazelo yayo.

[Isibonelo] Amandla ebhethri ezimoto namaSUV anebanga elingu-500km cishe angu-60 degrees no-70 degrees ngokulandelana. Njengamanje izimoto zikagesi ezihlanzekile ezikhiqizwe ngobuningi zingahlonyiswa ngamabhethri anomthamo omkhulu ongu-150 kwh kanye nebanga lokushayela lethiyori elingafika ku-1,000km.

Kukhona i-nameplate enolwazi lwemoto emnyango ongaphambili ongakwesokudla (noma umnyango ongemuva kwesokudla) wemoto entsha yamandla. Idigri yebhethri ibalwa kusetshenziswa i-voltage elinganiselwe × umthamo olinganiselwe/1000. Umphumela obaliwe ungase uhluke kancane enanini elisemthethweni lenkampani yezimoto.

1.2 I-SOC

I-SOC isifinyezo sokuthi “Isimo sokukhokhisa“, okubhekisela esimweni sokushajwa kwebhethri, okungukuthi, amandla ebhethri asele, ngokuvamile avezwa njengephesenti.

1.3 Uhlobo lwebhethri

Iningi lezimoto zamandla amasha emakethe zisebenzisa amabhethri e-lithium-ion, angahlukaniswa abe amabhethri e-lithium iron phosphate namabhethri e-ternary lithium.

Phakathi kwabo, kukhona ukubonakaliswa okubili okuqondile kokuthi "ukungaguquguquki okungalungile" kwamabhethri e-lithium iron phosphate. Okokuqala, isibonisi se-SOC asilungile: isibonelo, umlobi usanda kuthola i-Xpeng P5, ethathe imizuzu engu-50 ukushaja kusuka ku-20% kuya ku-99%, ngenkathi ishaja kusuka ku-99% kuya Kuthatha imizuzu engu-30 ukufinyelela ku-100%, okusobala ukuthi. inkinga ngesibonisi se-SOC; okwesibili, isivinini sokwehla kwamandla asilingani (futhi ikakhulukazi senzeka uma sishajwe ngokugcwele): ezinye izimoto azibonisi ushintsho empilweni yebhethri ngemva kokushayela i-10km ngemva kokushajwa ngokugcwele, kuyilapho ezinye izimoto zingabonisi. Impilo yebhethri yehle yaba ngu-5km ngemva kwezinyathelo ezimbalwa. Ngakho-ke, amabhethri e-lithium iron phosphate kufanele ashajwe ngokugcwele kanye ngesonto ukulungisa ukungaguquguquki kwamaseli.

Ngokuphambene nalokho, ngenxa yemvelo yezinto ezibonakalayo, amabhethri e-lithium e-ternary awafanele ukupaka ngemva kokushajwa ngokugcwele (kodwa angaqhubeka nokushayela afinyelele ngaphansi kuka-90% ngokushesha ngemva kokushajwa ngokugcwele).Ukwengeza, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi iluphi uhlobo lwebhethri, akufanele ishayelwe ngaphansi kwezimo zebhethri eziphansi (i-SOC <20%), futhi akufanele ishajwe ezindaweni ezibucayi (izinga lokushisa elingaphezu kuka-30°C noma ngaphansi kuka-0°C).

Ngokwejubane lokushaja, izindlela zokushaja zingahlukaniswa zibe ukushaja okusheshayo nokushaja kancane.

(1)Ukushaja okusheshayo

I-voltage yokushaja yokushaja okusheshayo imvamisa amandla kagesi asebenzayo ezimoto zikagesi (ikakhulukazi azungeze u-360-400V). Ebangeni eliphezulu lamandla, lamanje lingafinyelela ku-200-250A, elihambisana no-70-100kW wamandla. Ezinye izinhlobo ezishajayo njengoba zidayisa zingafinyelela ku-150kW ngokusebenzisa amandla kagesi aphezulu. ngenhla. Izimoto eziningi zingashaja kusukela ku-30% kuya ku-80% ngesigamu sehora.

[Isibonelo] Ukuthatha imoto enebhethri engu-60 degrees (enebanga elingaba ngu-500km) njengesibonelo, ukushaja okusheshayo (amandla angu-60kW)ukushaja ibhethriImpilo ye-250km ngesigamu sehora (ububanzi bamandla aphezulu)