Ngemva nje kukaNcibijane Onyakeni Wedrako, izinkampani zasekhaya zezimoto zamandla amasha sezivele “ziyaxhashazela.”
Okokuqala, i-BYD inyuse intengo yemodeli ye-Qin PLUS/Destroyer 05 Honor Edition yaba ngu-79,800 yuan;ngemuva kwalokho, iWuling, Changan nezinye izinkampani zezimoto nazo zalandela, okugcwele izinselelo.Ngaphandle kokwehliswa kwamanani, i-BYD, iXpeng nezinye izinkampani zezimoto ezisebenza ngamandla amasha nazo zitshala imali ezimakethe zaphesheya.Ngokusekelwe ezimakethe ezifana ne-Europe kanye ne-Middle East, bazogxila ekuhloleni izimakethe ezifana neNyakatho Melika neLatin America kulo nyaka.Ukwandiswa kwamandla amasha olwandle sekuphenduke umkhuba okhula ngokushesha.
Ngaphansi komncintiswano oshubile eminyakeni yakamuva, imakethe yezimoto zamandla amasha emhlabeni wonke ingene esigabeni sokukhula esiqhutshwa yimakethe kusukela esigabeni sokuqala esiqhutshwa yinqubomgomo.
Ngokuduma kwezimoto zamandla amasha (ama-EV), imakethe eshajayo egxilile endaweni yayo yezimboni ingenise namathuba amasha.
Okwamanje, izici ezintathu ezibalulekile ezithinta ukuthandwa kwama-EV yilezi: izindleko eziphelele zobunikazi (TCO), ibanga lokuhamba ngomkhumbi nolwazi lokushaja.Imboni ikholelwa ukuthi amanani entengo yemoto kagesi edumile ilinganiselwa e-US$36,000, ulayini wamakhilomitha ungamamayela angu-291, kanti umkhawulo ophezulu wesikhathi sokushaja uyingxenye yehora.
Ngokuthuthuka kwezobuchwepheshe kanye nezindleko zebhethri eziwayo, zonke izindleko zobunikazi kanye nebanga lokuhamba lama-EV amasha kokubili kwehlile.Njengamanje, intengo yokuthengisa yama-BEV e-United States iphezulu kuphela ngo-7% kunesilinganiso senani lokuthengisa lezimoto.Ngokusho kwedatha evela ku-EVadoption, inkampani yocwaningo lwezimoto zikagesi, ukuthambekela kwamakhilomitha ajwayelekile ama-BEV (izimoto zikagesi ezihlanzekile) ezithengiswayo e-United States sekufinyelele kumakhilomitha angama-302 ngo-2023.
Isithiyo esikhulu esivimbela ukuthandwa kwama-EV igebe emakethe yokushaja.
Ukungqubuzana kwenani elinganele lenqwaba yokushaja, ingxenye ephansi yokushaja okusheshayo phakathi kwezinqwaba zokushaja zomphakathi, ulwazi olungeluhle lokushaja kwabasebenzisi, kanye nengqalasizinda yokushaja eyehluleka ukuhambisana nokuthuthukiswa kwama-EV kuya ngokuya kugqama.Ngokocwaningo lukaMcKinsey, “izinqwaba zokushaja zithandwa njengeziteshi zikaphethiloli” sekuyisici esiyinhloko sokuthi abathengi bacabangele ukuthenga ama-EV.
U-10:1 umgomo ka-2030 obekwe yi-European Union ngenani le-EV imoto-to-pile.Kodwa-ke, ngaphandle kweNetherlands, iSouth Korea neChina, isilinganiso semoto-to-inqwaba kwezinye izimakethe ezinkulu ze-EV emhlabeni wonke siphezulu kunaleli xabiso, futhi sivame ukukhula unyaka nonyaka.Ngokusho kwedatha evela ku-International Energy Agency, isilinganiso semoto-to-inqwaba ezimakethe ezimbili ezinkulu ze-EV yase-United States nase-Australia kulindeleke ukuthi iqhubeke nokukhuphuka.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, lo mbiko ubonisa ukuthi nakuba inani eliphelele lenqwaba yokushaja eNetherlands naseNingizimu Korea liye laqhubeka likhula ngokuvumelana nama-EVs, baye badela isilinganiso sokushaja okusheshayo, okuzoholela egebeni lokushaja ngokushesha futhi kube nzima ukuhlangabezana nezimfuneko zomsebenzisi zesikhathi sokushaja.
Ezigabeni zokuqala zokuthuthukiswa kwezimoto zamandla amasha, amazwe amaningi alindele ukukhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwemakethe yokushaja ngokukhuthaza ukuthandwa kwama-EV, kodwa lokhu kuzoholela ekutshalweni kokushaja okunganele esikhathini esifushane.Isilinganiso sokutshalwa kwezimali, ukugcinwa kokulandelela, ukuthuthukiswa kwemishini kanye nezibuyekezo zesofthiwe yeziteshi zokushaja konke kudinga ukutshalwa kwezimali okuqhubekayo nokukhulu.Ukunakwa okunganele kukhokhwa kubo ekuqaleni, okuholele ekuthuthukisweni kwamanje okungalingani nokungavuthiwe kwemakethe eshajayo.
Njengamanje, ukukhathazeka kokushaja kuthathe indawo yezinkinga zebanga nentengo njengesithiyo esikhulu ekwandiseni ama-EV.Kodwa futhi kusho amandla angenamkhawulo.
Ngokwezibikezelo ezifanele, ngo-2030, ukuthengiswa komhlaba wonke kwezimoto zikagesi kuzodlula izigidi ezingu-70, futhi ubunikazi buzofinyelela ezigidini ezingu-380.Izinga lokungena kwezimoto ezintsha minyaka yonke emhlabeni jikelele kulindeleke ukuthi lifinyelele ku-60%.Phakathi kwazo, izimakethe ezifana neYurophu ne-United States zikhula ngokushesha, futhi izimakethe ezisafufusa njengeNingizimu-mpumalanga Asia neMpumalanga Ephakathi zidinga ukuqhuma okuphuthumayo.Ukuqubuka kwezimoto ezintsha ezisebenza ngamandla emhlabeni wonke kunikeze imboni yokushaja yaseChina ithuba elingandile.
I-Xiaguang Think Tank, inkampani yesevisi yokubonisana ngaphansi kwe-ShineGlobal, ngokusekelwe kudatha yemboni efanele kanye nezinhlolovo zabasebenzisi, kusukela emakethe yezimoto zamandla amasha, yenze ukuhlaziya okujulile kwesimo samanje sentuthuko kanye nezimo zesikhathi esizayo zemboni yokushaja ezinkampanini ezintathu ezinkulu. ezimakethe zaseYurophu, e-United States, naseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, futhi yahlanganiswa nabamele izinkampani zaphesheya kwezilwandle embonini yokushaja.Ukuhlaziya nokuchazwa kodaba, “Umbiko Wocwaningo Lwemboni Ekhokhisa Ngaphesheya kwezilwandle” ukhishwe ngokusemthethweni, ngethemba lokuthola ukuqonda ngemakethe eshajayo ngokombono womhlaba wonke futhi unike amandla izinkampani zaphesheya kwezilwandle embonini.
Uguquko lwamandla emkhakheni wezokuthutha emhlabeni waseYurophu luyashesha futhi lungenye yezimakethe ezinkulu zezimoto zamandla amasha emhlabeni.
Njengamanje, ukuthengiswa kwe-EV nokwabelana eYurophu kuyanda.Izinga lokungena kokuthengiswa kwe-European EV likhuphuke lisuka ngaphansi kuka-3% ngo-2018 laya ku-23% ngo-2023, ngomfutho osheshayo.I-International Energy Agency ibikezela ukuthi ngo-2030, i-58% yezimoto eYurophu izoba izimoto ezintsha zamandla, futhi isibalo sizofinyelela ezigidini ezingu-56.
Ngokomgomo we-EU wokukhipha i-zero-carbon, ukuthengiswa kwezimoto zenjini evuthayo kuzomiswa ngokuphelele ngo-2035. Kungabonakala kusengaphambili ukuthi izethameli zemakethe yezimoto zamandla amasha zase-Europe zizoshintsha zisuka kulabo abazisebenzisa kuqala ziye emakethe enkulu.Isigaba sokuthuthukiswa kwe-EV sihle futhi sifinyelela iphuzu lokushintsha imakethe.
Ukuthuthukiswa kwemakethe yokushaja yaseYurophu akuzange kuhambisane nokuthandwa kwama-EV, futhi ukushaja kuseyisithiyo esikhulu ekushintsheni uwoyela ngogesi.
Ngokwenani, ukuthengiswa kwe-EV yase-Europe kubalelwa ngaphezu kwengxenye eyodwa kwezintathu yenani eliphelele lomhlaba, kodwa inani lezinqwaba ezishajayo zenza ngaphansi kuka-18% yenani eliphelele lomhlaba.Izinga lokukhula kwezinqwaba zokushaja e-EU phakathi neminyaka edlule, ngaphandle kokuba isicaba ngo-2022, liphansi kunezinga lokukhula lama-EV.Njengamanje, cishe kunezinqwaba zokushaja zomphakathi ezitholakalayo ezingaba ngu-630,000 (incazelo ye-AFIR) emazweni angama-27 e-EU.Kodwa-ke, ukuze kuzuzwe umgomo wokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni ngama-50% ngo-2030, inani lenqwaba yokushaja lidinga ukufinyelela okungenani ezigidini ezi-3.4 ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nesidingo esikhulayo sama-EV.
Ngokombono wokusatshalaliswa kwesifunda, ukuthuthukiswa kwemakethe eshajayo emazweni ase-Europe ayilingani, futhi ukuminyana kokusabalalisa kwezinqwaba zokushaja kugxile kakhulu emazweni angamaphayona e-EV afana ne-Netherlands, i-France, iJalimane, ne-United Kingdom.Phakathi kwazo, iNetherlands, iFrance neJalimane zenza u-60% yenani lezinqwaba zokushaja zomphakathi e-EU.
Umehluko wentuthuko enanini lokushaja izinqwaba ngomuntu ngamunye eYurophu ubonakala nakakhulu.Ngokuya ngenani labantu nendawo, ukuminyana kwezinqwaba zokushaja eNetherlands kudlula kude okwamanye amazwe e-EU.Ukwengeza, ukuthuthukiswa kwemakethe eshajayo yesifunda ezweni nakho akulingani, namandla okushaja ngomuntu ngamunye ezindaweni ezinabantu abaningi abancane.Lokhu kusatshalaliswa okungalingani kuyisici esibalulekile esivimbela ukuduma kwama-EV.
Nokho, izikhala emakethe eshajayo nazo zizoletha amathuba entuthuko.
Okokuqala, abathengi baseYurophu bakhathalela kakhulu ukushaja ezimweni eziningi.Ngenxa yokuthi izakhamuzi ezisezindaweni ezindala zasemadolobheni aseYurophu azinazo izindawo zokupaka ezilungisiwe zasendlini futhi azinayo imibandela yokufaka amashaja asekhaya, abathengi bangasebenzisa ukushaja okunensa komgwaqo kuphela ebusuku.Ukuhlola kubonisa ukuthi uhhafu wabathengi e-Italy, Spain nasePoland bancamela ukukhokhisa eziteshini zokushaja zomphakathi nasezindaweni zokusebenza.Lokhu kusho ukuthi abakhiqizi bangagxila ekwandiseni izimo zokushaja, bathuthukise ukusebenziseka kwayo kanye nokuhlangabezana nezidingo zabasebenzisi.
Okwesibili, ukwakhiwa kwamanje kokushaja okusheshayo kwe-DC e-Europe kusalele emuva, futhi ukushaja okusheshayo nokushaja okushesha kakhulu kuzoba impumelelo emakethe.Ukuhlola kubonisa ukuthi ngaphezu kwesigamu sabasebenzisi emazweni amaningi ase-Europe bazimisele kuphela ukulinda phakathi nemizuzu engu-40 ukuze bakhokhiswe esidlangalaleni.Abasebenzisi ezimakethe zokukhula ezifana ne-Spain, Poland ne-Italy banesineke esincane, nabasebenzisi abangaphezu kuka-40% abanethemba lokukhokhisa ukuya ku-80% phakathi nemizuzu engu-20.Kodwa-ke, ama-opharetha ashajayo anesizinda senkampani yamandla endabuko ikakhulukazi agxile ekwakheni amasayithi e-AC.Kunezikhala zokushaja okusheshayo nokushaja okushesha kakhulu, okuzoba ingqikithi yokuncintisana kwama-opharetha amakhulu esikhathini esizayo.
Sekukonke, umthethosivivinywa we-EU wengqalasizinda yokushaja usuphelile, wonke amazwe akhuthaza ukutshalwa kwezimali eziteshini zokushaja, futhi uhlelo lwenqubomgomo yemakethe enkulu luphelile.Imakethe yamanje yase-Europe yokushaja iyadlondlobala, enamakhulu ama-opharetha enethiwekhi amakhulu nabancane (ama-CPO) nabahlinzeki besevisi abashajayo (ama-MSP).Kodwa-ke, ukusatshalaliswa kwazo kuhlukene kakhulu, kanti ama-CPO aphezulu ayishumi anesabelo semakethe esihlanganisiwe esingaphansi kwama-25%.
Ngokuzayo, kulindeleke ukuthi abakhiqizi abaningi bajoyine umncintiswano futhi izilinganiso zabo zenzuzo zizoqala ukuvela.Izinkampani zaphesheya zingathola indawo yazo efanele futhi zisebenzise izinzuzo zazo zolwazi ukuze zigcwalise izikhala zemakethe.Kodwa-ke, ngesikhathi esifanayo, izinselele nazo zihambisana namathuba, futhi zidinga ukugxila ekuvikelweni kwezohwebo kanye nezindaba zendawo e-Europe.
Kusukela ngo-2022, ukukhula kwezimoto zamandla amasha e-United States kuye kwashesha, futhi inani lezimoto kulindeleke ukuthi lifinyelele ezigidini ezingu-5 ngo-2023. Kodwa-ke, sekukonke, izigidi ezingu-5 zibalwa ngaphansi kwe-1.8% yenani eliphelele lezimoto zabagibeli. i-United States, kanye nenqubekelaphambili yayo ye-EV isalela emuva kwe-European Union.kanye neChina.Ngokusho komgomo we-zero-carbon emission umzila, umthamo wokuthengisa wezimoto ezintsha zamandla e-United States kumele ukhokhe ngaphezu kwesigamu ngo-2030, futhi inani lezimoto e-United States kumele lidlule izigidi ezingu-30, ezibalelwa ku-12%.
Ukuhamba kancane kwe-EV kubangele ukungapheleli emakethe yokushaja.Kusukela ekupheleni kuka-2023, kunezinqwaba zokushaja zomphakathi ezingu-160,000 e-United States, okulingana nesilinganiso sezi-3,000 kuphela esifundazweni ngasinye.Isilinganiso semoto-to-inqwaba sicishe sibe ngu-30:1, esiphezulu kakhulu kunesilinganiso se-EU esingu-13:1 kanye ne-China's 7.3:1 isilinganiso senqwaba yokushaja-kuya-ukushaja.Ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nesidingo sokushaja sobunikazi be-EV ngo-2030, izinga lokukhula kwezinqwaba zokushaja e-United States lidinga ukukhuphuka izikhathi ezingaphezu kwezintathu eminyakeni eyisikhombisa ezayo, okungukuthi, isilinganiso okungenani senqwaba yokushaja engu-50,000 sizokwengezwa njalo. unyaka.Ikakhulukazi, inani lenqwaba yokushaja kwe-DC idinga ukuphinda kabili.
Imakethe yokushaja yase-US iveza izinkinga ezintathu ezinkulu: ukusatshalaliswa kwemakethe okungalingani, ukwethembeka okungekuhle ekushajeni, kanye namalungelo okushaja angalingani.
Okokuqala, ukusatshalaliswa kokushaja kulo lonke elase-United States akulingani kakhulu.Umehluko phakathi kwezifunda ezinenqwaba kanye nezimbalwa zokushaja izinqwaba izikhathi ezingu-4,000, kanti umehluko phakathi kwezifunda ezinenqwaba nezimbalwa zokushaja umuntu ngamunye izikhathi ezingu-15.Izifunda ezinenombolo enkulu yezindawo zokushaja yiCalifornia, New York, Texas, Florida kanye neMassachusetts.IMassachusetts neNew York kuphela ezihambisana kahle nokukhula kwe-EV.Emakethe yase-US, lapho ukushayela kuyinketho ekhethwayo yokuhamba amabanga amade, ukusatshalaliswa okunganele kwezinqwaba zokushaja kunciphisa ukuthuthukiswa kwama-EV.
Okwesibili, ukwaneliseka komsebenzisi oshajayo wase-US kuyaqhubeka nokwehla.Intatheli ye-Washington Post yenza ukuvakasha okungamenyezelwanga eziteshini zokushaja okusheshayo ze-126 CCS (ezingezona i-Tesla) e-Los Angeles ekupheleni kuka-2023. Izinkinga ezivelele kakhulu okuhlangatshezwane nazo kwaba ukutholakala okuphansi kwezinqwaba zokushaja, izinkinga ezivelele zokuhambisana nokushaja, kanye nolwazi olubi lokukhokha.Inhlolovo yango-2023 ibonise ukuthi isilinganiso esingu-20% sabasebenzisi e-United States bahlangabezane nemigqa yokushaja noma izinqwaba zokushaja ezilimele.Abathengi bangahamba kuphela ngokuqondile futhi bathole esinye isiteshi sokushaja.
Ukushaja komphakathi e-United States kusekude kakhulu kulokho okulindelwe ngabasebenzisi futhi kungase kube enye yezimakethe ezinkulu ezinokuhlangenwe nakho okubi kakhulu kokushaja ngaphandle kwase-France.Ngokuduma kwama-EV, ukungqubuzana phakathi kwezidingo ezikhulayo zabasebenzisi kanye nokushaja okubuyela emuva kuzoba sobala kakhulu.
Okwesithathu, imiphakathi yabamhlophe, ecebile ayinakho ukufinyelela okulinganayo emandleni okushaja njengeminye imiphakathi.Njengamanje, ukuthuthukiswa kwe-EV e-United States kusesezigabeni zayo zokuqala.Uma sibheka amamodeli amakhulu okuthengisa namamodeli amasha ka-2024, abathengi abakhulu be-EV baseyisigaba esicebile.Idatha ikhombisa ukuthi u-70% wezinqwaba zokushaja zitholakala ezindaweni ezicebe kakhulu, kanti u-96% usezifundeni ezigcwele abantu abamhlophe.Nakuba uhulumeni etshekisile i-EV kanye nezinqubomgomo zokukhokhisa abantu bezinhlanga ezincane, imiphakathi empofu kanye nezindawo zasemakhaya, imiphumela ibingakacaci okwamanje.
Ukuze kuxazululwe inkinga yengqalasizinda yokushaja kwe-EV enganele, i-United States yethule izikweletu ngokulandelanayo, izinhlelo zokutshala izimali, futhi yasungula uxhaso lukahulumeni kuwo wonke amazinga.
UMnyango Wezamandla wase-US kanye noMnyango Wezokuthutha ngokuhlanganyela bakhiphe “Amazinga Nezimfuneko Zengqalasizinda Yemoto Kagesi Kazwelonke Yase-US” ngoFebhuwari 2023, ubeka izilinganiso ezincane ezinemininingwane kanye nokucaciswa kwesofthiwe nezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha, ukusebenza, ukuthengiselana, nokugcinwa kweziteshi zokushaja.Uma imininingwane isifinyelelwe, iziteshi zokushaja zingase zifanelekele ukuthola uxhaso lwezimali.Ngokusekelwe emithethweni yangaphambilini, uhulumeni wobumbano usungule izinhlelo zokutshala izimali eziningi ezikhokhiswayo, ezinikezwa iminyango yombuso ukuze yabele ohulumeni bezifunda isabelomali minyaka yonke, bese kuba kohulumeni basekhaya.
Okwamanje, imakethe yokushaja yase-US isesigabeni sokuqala sokunwetshwa, abangenele abasha basavela, futhi iphethini yokuncintisana ezinzile ayikakhiwa.Imakethe yenethiwekhi yokushaja yomphakathi yase-US iveza izici ezigxilwe kakhulu nezinomsila omude: Izibalo ze-AFDC zikhombisa ukuthi kusukela ngoJanuwari 2024, kunabasebenzi abashajayo abangama-44 e-United States, kanti ama-67% enqwaba yokushaja ingeyezinqwaba ezintathu ezinkulu. amaphuzu wokushaja: I-ChargePoint, i-Tesla ne-Blink.Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-CPO, isikali samanye ama-CPO sihluke kakhulu.
Ukungena kochungechunge lwezimboni zaseChina e-United States kungase kuxazulule izinkinga eziningi ezikhona emakethe yokushaja yase-US yamanje.Kodwa njengezimoto zamandla amasha, ngenxa yezingozi zezwe, kunzima ngezinkampani zaseShayina ukuthi zingene emakethe yase-US ngaphandle uma zakha izimboni e-United States noma eMexico.
ENingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, bonke abantu abathathu banesithuthuthu.Amasondo amabili kagesi (E2W) aphethe imakethe isikhathi eside kakhulu, kodwa imakethe yezimoto isesigabeni sokuthuthuka.
Ukukhuthaza ukuthandwa kwezimoto ezintsha zamandla kusho ukuthi imakethe yaseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia kumele yeqe ngokuqondile isigaba sokuduma kwezimoto.Ngo-2023, u-70% wokuthengiswa kwe-EV eNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia uzovela e-Thailand, okuyimakethe ehamba phambili ye-EV esifundeni.Kulindeleke ukuthi kufinyelele izinga lokungena kokuthengiswa kwe-EV okungama-30% ngo-2030, kube izwe lokuqala ngaphandle kwe-Singapore ukungena esigabeni sokuvuthwa kwe-EV.
Kodwa okwamanje, intengo yama-EV eNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia isephezulu kakhulu kunaleyo yezimoto zikaphethiloli.Singabathola kanjani abantu abangenazo izimoto ukuthi bakhethe ama-EV uma bethenga imoto okokuqala ngqa?Ungakukhuthaza kanjani ukuthuthukiswa ngesikhathi esisodwa kwe-EV nezimakethe zokushaja?Izinselelo ezibhekene nezinkampani zamandla amasha eNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia zinzima kakhulu kunezimakethe ezivuthiwe.
Izici zemakethe ze-EV zamazwe aseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia zihluke kakhulu.Zingahlukaniswa izigaba ezintathu ngokuya ngokuvuthwa kwemakethe yezimoto kanye nokuqala kwemakethe ye-EV.
Isigaba sokuqala izimakethe zezimoto ezivuthiwe zaseMalaysia naseSingapore, lapho okugxilwe khona ekuthuthukisweni kwe-EV kuwukuthatha indawo yezimoto zikaphethiloli, futhi uphahla lwe-EV lokuthengisa lucacile;isigaba sesibili imakethe yezimoto yaseThailand, esesigabeni sokukhula sekwephuzile, ngokuthengiswa okukhulu kwe-EV nokukhula ngokushesha, futhi kulindeleke ukuthi ibe Amazwe okuqala ngaphandle kweSingapore ukungena esigabeni esivuthiwe se-EV;isigaba sesithathu izimakethe eziqala sekwephuzile nezincane zase-Indonesia, Vietnam kanye nePhilippines.Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yezabelo zabo zezibalo kanye nokuthuthuka komnotho, imakethe ye-EV yesikhathi eside inamandla amakhulu.
Ngenxa yezigaba ezihlukene zokuthuthukiswa kwe-EV, amazwe nawo anomehluko ekwakhiweni kwezinqubomgomo nezinhloso zokushaja.
Ngo-2021, i-Malaysia yazibekela umgomo wokwakha izinqwaba zokushaja eziyi-10,000 ngo-2025. Ukwakhiwa kokushaja kwase-Malaysia kusebenzisa isu lokuncintisana lemakethe evulekile.Njengoba izinqwaba zokushaja ziqhubeka nokwanda, kuyadingeka ukuhlanganisa izindinganiso zesevisi ye-CPO futhi kusungulwe inkundla yemibuzo ehlanganisiwe yokushaja amanethiwekhi.
Kusukela ngoJanuwari 2024, i-Malaysia inenqwaba yokushaja engaphezu kuka-2,000, enenani eliqondiwe lokuqeda elingu-20%, lapho ukushaja okusheshayo kwe-DC kwenza u-20%.Iningi lalezi zinqwaba ezishajayo zigxile eduze kweStraits of Malacca, neGreater Kuala Lumpur kanye neSelangor ezungeze inhloko-dolobha ethatha u-60% wezinqwaba zokushaja zezwe.Ngokufanayo nesimo sakwamanye amazwe aseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, ukwakhiwa kokushaja kusakazwa ngokungalingani futhi kugxiliswe kakhulu emadolobheni amakhulu anabantu abaningi.
Uhulumeni wase-Indonesia uphathise i-PLN Guodian ukuthi yakhe ingqalasizinda eshajayo, futhi i-PLN iphinde yakhipha okuhlosiwe yenani lenqwaba yokushaja neziteshi zokushintsha amabhethri ezibalwe ngo-2025 nango-2030. Nokho, inqubekelaphambili yokwakhiwa kwayo isalele ngemuva kokuhlosiwe kanye nokukhula kwe-EV, ikakhulukazi ngo-2023 . Ngemuva kokukhula kokuthengiswa kwe-BEV kusheshiswe ngo-2016, isilinganiso semoto-to-inqwaba sikhuphuke kakhulu.Ingqalasizinda yokushaja ingase ibe esinye sezithiyo ezinkulu ekuthuthukisweni kwama-EV e-Indonesia.
Ubunikazi be-E4W ne-E2W e-Thailand buncane kakhulu, buphethwe ama-BEV.Ingxenye yezimoto zabagibeli zezwe kanye nama-BEV angu-70% agxile e-Greater Bangkok, ngakho ingqalasizinda yokushaja okwamanje igxile e-Bangkok nasezindaweni ezizungezile.Kusukela ngoSepthemba 2023, i-Thailand inenqwaba yokushaja engu-8,702, nama-CPO angaphezu kweshumi nambili abambe iqhaza.Ngakho-ke, naphezu kokwanda kokuthengiswa kwe-EV, isilinganiso semoto-to-inqwaba sisafinyelela ezingeni elihle lika-10:1.
Eqinisweni, iThailand inezinhlelo eziphusile ngokuya ngesakhiwo sesayithi, isilinganiso se-DC, ukwakheka kwemakethe, kanye nenqubekelaphambili yokwakha.Ukwakhiwa kwayo okushajayo kuzoba ukusekelwa okuqinile kokuthandwa kwama-EV.
Imakethe yezimoto yaseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia inesisekelo esibi, futhi ukuthuthukiswa kwe-EV kusesesigabeni sokuqala kakhulu.Nakuba ukukhula okuphezulu kulindeleke eminyakeni embalwa ezayo, indawo yenqubomgomo kanye namathemba emakethe yabathengi namanje akukacaci, futhi kusenendlela ende okufanele yenziwe ngaphambi kokuthandwa kweqiniso kwama-EV.Ngaphezulu.
Ezinkampanini zaphesheya kwezilwandle, indawo ethembisa kakhudlwana ilele ekushintsheni kwamandla e-E2W.
Umkhuba wokuthuthuka we-E2W e-Southeast Asia ubulokhu uthuthuka.Ngokwesibikezelo se-Bloomberg New Energy Finance, izinga lokungena laseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia lizofinyelela ku-30% ngo-2030, ngaphambi kokuba izimoto zikagesi zingene esigabeni sokuvuthwa emakethe.Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-EV, i-Southeast Asia inesisekelo semakethe ye-E2W esingcono kanye nesisekelo sezimboni, futhi amathemba okuthuthukiswa kwe-E2W akhanya kakhulu.
Indlela efaneleke kakhulu yezinkampani eziya phesheya ukuthi zibe abahlinzeki bempahla kunokuba ziqhudelane ngokuqondile.
Eminyakeni emibili edlule, iziqalo ezimbalwa zokushintshwa kwamandla e-E2W e-Indonesia zithole ukutshalwa kwezimali okukhulu, okuhlanganisa abatshalizimali abanezizinda zaseShayina.Emakethe yokushintshana kwamandla ekhula ngokushesha futhi ehlukene kakhulu, asebenza “njengabathengisi bamanzi”, anezingozi ezilawulekayo kanye nenzuzo ephezulu.Okuningi okubekela obala.Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukushintshwa kwamandla kuyimboni esindayo enomjikelezo omude wokubuyisela izindleko.Ngaphansi komkhuba wokuvikelwa kwezohwebo emhlabeni wonke, ikusasa aliqinisekile futhi alifanelekile ukubamba iqhaza ngokuqondile ekutshalweni kwezimali nasekwakhiweni.
Sungula ibhizinisi elihlanganyelwe nezinkampani zasendaweni ezijwayelekile ukuze usungule umugqa wokukhiqiza oshintshwayo webhethri we-OEM wokuhlanganisa izingxenyekazi zehadiwe
Susie
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Isikhathi sokuthumela: Mar-13-2024
