Ngemva nje koNyaka Omusha oNyakeni weDragon, izinkampani zezimoto zamandla ezintsha zasekhaya sezivele “zikhathazekile.”
Okokuqala, i-BYD inyuse intengo yemodeli ye-Qin PLUS/Destroyer 05 Honor Edition yaya kuma-yuan angu-79,800; kamuva, izinkampani zezimoto i-Wuling, i-Changan nezinye nazo zalandela, okugcwele izinselelo. Ngaphezu kokwehliswa kwentengo, i-BYD, i-Xpeng kanye nezinye izinkampani zezimoto ezintsha zamandla nazo zitshala imali ezimakethe zaphesheya kwezilwandle. Ngokusekelwe ezimakethe ezifana neYurophu neMpumalanga Ephakathi, zizogxila ekuhloleni izimakethe ezifana neNyakatho Melika kanye neLatin America kulo nyaka. Ukwanda kwamandla amasha olwandle sekuyinto ekhula ngokushesha.
Ngaphansi komncintiswano onamandla eminyakeni yamuva nje, imakethe yezimoto ezintsha zamandla emhlabeni wonke ifinyelele esigabeni sokukhula esiqhutshwa yimakethe kusukela esigabeni sokuqala esiqhutshwa yinqubomgomo.
Ngokuthandwa kwezimoto ezintsha zamandla (ama-EV), imakethe yokushaja egxile endaweni yayo yezimboni nayo iveze amathuba amasha.
Njengamanje, izici ezintathu ezibalulekile ezithinta ukuthandwa kwama-EV yilezi: izindleko eziphelele zobunikazi (i-TCO), ibanga lokuhamba ngesikebhe kanye nolwazi lokushaja. Imboni ikholelwa ukuthi intengo yemoto kagesi edumile icishe ibe yi-US$36,000, imayela lingamamayela angu-291, kanti umkhawulo ophezulu wesikhathi sokushaja uyingxenye yehora.
Ngokuthuthuka kwezobuchwepheshe kanye nokwehla kwezindleko zebhethri, izindleko zobunikazi zizonke kanye nobubanzi bokuhamba ngezimoto ezintsha ze-EV zehlile. Njengamanje, intengo yokuthengisa yama-BEV e-United States iphakeme ngo-7% kuphela kunentengo yokuthengisa ejwayelekile yezimoto. Ngokusho kwedatha evela ku-EVadoption, inkampani yocwaningo lwezimoto zikagesi, umkhuba wamamayela ajwayelekile wama-BEV (izimoto zikagesi ezihlanzekile) ezithengiswayo e-United States ufinyelele amamayela angu-302 ngo-2023.
Isithiyo esikhulu esivimbela ukuthandwa kwama-EV yigebe emakethe yokushaja.
Ukuphikisana kwenani elanele lama-charging pile, isilinganiso esiphansi sokushaja okusheshayo phakathi kwama-charging pile omphakathi, ulwazi olubi lokushaja kwabasebenzisi, kanye nengqalasizinda yokushaja ehluleka ukuhambisana nokuthuthukiswa kwama-EV kuya ngokuya kugqama. Ngokusho kocwaningo lukaMcKinsey, "ama-charging pile athandwa njengeziteshi zikaphethiloli" sekuyinto eyinhloko kubathengi yokucabangela ukuthenga ama-EV.
I-10:1 iwumgomo ka-2030 obekwe yi-European Union wesilinganiso se-EV vehicle-to-pile. Kodwa-ke, ngaphandle kweNetherlands, iSouth Korea kanye neChina, isilinganiso semoto-to-pile kwezinye izimakethe ezinkulu ze-EV emhlabeni wonke siphakeme kunaleli nani, futhi sivame ukukhuphuka unyaka nonyaka. Ngokusho kwedatha evela kwi-International Energy Agency, isilinganiso semoto-to-pile ezimakethe ezimbili ezinkulu ze-EV zase-United States nase-Australia kulindeleke ukuthi siqhubeke sikhuphuka.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, umbiko ukhombisa ukuthi yize inani eliphelele lama-charging piles eNetherlands naseNingizimu Korea liqhubekile nokukhula ngokuhambisana nama-EV, badele isilinganiso sokushaja okusheshayo, okuzoholela esikhaleni sokushaja okusheshayo futhi kwenze kube nzima ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zomsebenzisi zesikhathi sokushaja.
Ezigabeni zokuqala zokuthuthukiswa kwezimoto ezintsha zamandla, amazwe amaningi alindele ukukhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwemakethe yokushaja ngokuthuthukisa ukuthandwa kwama-EV, kodwa lokhu kuzoholela ekutshalweni kwezimali okunganele esikhathini esifushane. Isikali sokutshalwa kwezimali, ukulungiswa okulandelayo, ukuthuthukiswa kwemishini kanye nokuvuselelwa kwesofthiwe yeziteshi zokushaja konke kudinga ukutshalwa kwezimali okuqhubekayo nokukhulu. Ukunganakwa okwanele kwanikezwa bona esigabeni sokuqala, okwaholela ekuthuthukisweni okungalingani nokungavuthwa kwemakethe yokushaja.
Njengamanje, ukukhathazeka ngokushaja sekuthathe indawo yezinkinga zobubanzi kanye nentengo njengesithiyo esikhulu ekwandiseni ukuthandwa kwama-EV. Kodwa futhi kusho amandla angenamkhawulo.
Ngokusho kwezibikezelo ezifanele, ngo-2030, ukuthengiswa kwezimoto zikagesi emhlabeni wonke kuzodlula izigidi ezingu-70, kanti ubunikazi buzofinyelela izigidi ezingu-380. Izinga lokungena kwezimoto ezintsha emhlabeni wonke kulindeleke ukuthi lifinyelele ku-60%. Phakathi kwazo, izimakethe ezifana neYurophu ne-United States zikhula ngokushesha, kanti izimakethe ezisafufusa ezifana neNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia kanye neMpumalanga Ephakathi zidinga ukuqhuma okukhulu. Ukuqubuka kwezimoto ezintsha zamandla emhlabeni wonke kunikeze ithuba elingavamile embonini yokushaja yaseShayina.
I-Xiaguang Think Tank, uhlobo lwesevisi yokubonisana ngaphansi kwe-ShineGlobal, olusekelwe kudatha yemboni efanele kanye nocwaningo lwabasebenzisi, kusukela emakethe yezimoto ezintsha zamandla, yenze ukuhlaziywa okujulile kwesimo samanje sentuthuko kanye nemikhuba yesikhathi esizayo yemboni yokushaja ezimakethe ezintathu ezinkulu zaseYurophu, e-United States, naseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, futhi yahlanganisa nabamele izinkampani zakwamanye amazwe embonini yokushaja. Ukuhlaziywa kwamacala kanye nokuchazwa kwawo, "Umbiko Wocwaningo Lwaphesheya Kwemboni Yokushaja" ukhishwe ngokusemthethweni, unethemba lokuthola ukuqonda emakethe yokushaja ngombono womhlaba wonke nokunika amandla izinkampani zakwamanye amazwe embonini.
Ushintsho lwamandla emkhakheni wezokuthutha emhlabeni waseYurophu luyashesha futhi lungenye yezimakethe ezinkulu kakhulu zezimoto ezintsha zamandla emhlabeni.
Njengamanje, ukuthengiswa kwezimoto ze-EV kanye nesabelo eYurophu kuyakhuphuka. Izinga lokungena kwezimoto ze-EV zaseYurophu likhuphuke lisuka ngaphansi kuka-3% ngo-2018 laya ku-23% ngo-2023, ngomfutho osheshayo. I-International Energy Agency ibikezela ukuthi ngo-2030, ama-58% ezimoto eYurophu azoba izimoto ezintsha zamandla, futhi inani lizofinyelela ezigidini ezingama-56.
Ngokusho komgomo we-EU wokukhipha ugesi ongenayo ikhabhoni, ukuthengiswa kwezimoto zezinjini zomlilo zangaphakathi kuzomiswa ngokuphelele ngo-2035. Kusobala ukuthi izethameli zemakethe yezimoto ezintsha zamandla zaseYurophu zizoshintsha zisuka kokusetshenziswa kokuqala ziye emakethe enkulu. Isigaba sokuthuthukiswa kwe-EV sihle futhi sifinyelela iphuzu lokuguquka emakethe.
Intuthuko yemakethe yokushaja yaseYurophu ayihambisananga nokuthandwa kwama-EV, futhi ukushaja kuseyisithiyo esikhulu ekushintsheni uwoyela ngogesi.
Ngokuphathelene nobuningi, ukuthengiswa kwe-EV yaseYurophu kungaphezu kwengxenye eyodwa kwezintathu yenani lomhlaba, kodwa inani lama-charging pile lingaphansi kuka-18% wenani lomhlaba. Izinga lokukhula kwama-charging pile e-EU eminyakeni edlule, ngaphandle kokuthi abe yi-flat ngo-2022, liphansi kunezinga lokukhula kwama-EV. Njengamanje, kunezinqwaba zokushaja zomphakathi ezingaba ngu-630,000 ezitholakalayo (incazelo ye-AFIR) emazweni angu-27 e-EU. Kodwa-ke, ukuze kufezwe umgomo wokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni okungu-50% ngo-2030, inani lama-charging pile kudingeka lifinyelele okungenani izigidi ezingu-3.4 ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nesidingo esikhulayo sama-EV.
Ngokombono wokusatshalaliswa kwesifunda, intuthuko yemakethe yokushaja emazweni aseYurophu ayilingani, futhi ukusatshalaliswa kwezinqwaba zokushaja kugxile kakhulu emazweni asungula i-EV njengeNetherlands, iFrance, iJalimane, kanye ne-United Kingdom. Phakathi kwawo, iNetherlands, iFrance neJalimane zingu-60% wenani lezinqwaba zokushaja zomphakathi e-EU.
Umehluko wentuthuko enanini lama-charging piles ngomuntu ngamunye eYurophu usobala nakakhulu. Ngokuphathelene nenani labantu nendawo, ubuningi bama-charging piles eNetherlands budlula kakhulu obamanye amazwe e-EU. Ngaphezu kwalokho, intuthuko yemakethe yokushaja yesifunda ngaphakathi kwezwe nayo ayilingani, njengoba amandla okushaja ngomuntu ngamunye ezindaweni ezinabantu abaningi ephansi. Lokhu kusatshalaliswa okungalingani kuyisici esibalulekile esivimbela ukuthandwa kwama-EV.
Kodwa-ke, izikhala emakethe yokushaja zizoletha namathuba okuthuthukiswa.
Okokuqala, abathengi baseYurophu bakhathalela kakhulu ukushaja kalula ezimweni eziningi. Ngenxa yokuthi izakhamuzi ezindaweni ezindala zamadolobha aseYurophu azinazo izindawo zokupaka eziqinile zangaphakathi futhi azinazo izimo zokufaka amashaja asekhaya, abathengi bangasebenzisa ukushaja okuhamba kancane eceleni komgwaqo kuphela ebusuku. Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi ingxenye yabathengi e-Italy, eSpain nasePoland bakhetha ukushaja eziteshini zokushaja zomphakathi nasezindaweni zokusebenza. Lokhu kusho ukuthi abakhiqizi bangagxila ekwandiseni izimo zokushaja, bathuthukise ukulula kwakho futhi bahlangabezane nezidingo zomsebenzisi.
Okwesibili, ukwakhiwa kwamanje kokushaja okusheshayo kwe-DC eYurophu kusalele emuva, futhi ukushaja okusheshayo kanye nokushaja okusheshayo kuzoba yintuthuko emakethe. Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi abasebenzisi abangaphezu kwengxenye emazweni amaningi aseYurophu bazimisele ukulinda kungakapheli imizuzu engama-40 ukuze bashaje umphakathi. Abasebenzisi ezimakethe ezikhula njengeSpain, Poland kanye ne-Italy banesineke esincane, kanti abasebenzisi abangaphezu kwama-40% banethemba lokushaja ku-80% kungakapheli imizuzu engama-20. Kodwa-ke, abaqhubi bokushaja abanezizinda zenkampani yamandla yendabuko bagxila kakhulu ekwakheni izindawo ze-AC. Kunezikhala ekushajeni okusheshayo kanye nokushaja okusheshayo, okuzoba yindawo yokuncintisana yabaqhubi abakhulu esikhathini esizayo.
Sekukonke, umthethosivivinywa we-EU mayelana nengqalasizinda yokushaja usuphelile, wonke amazwe akhuthaza ukutshalwa kwezimali eziteshini zokushaja, futhi uhlelo lwenqubomgomo yemakethe oluyinhloko seluphelile. Imakethe yokushaja yaseYurophu yamanje iyachuma, inamakhulu abaqhubi benethiwekhi yokushaja abakhulu nabancane (ama-CPO) kanye nabahlinzeki bezinsizakalo zokushaja (ama-MSP). Kodwa-ke, ukusatshalaliswa kwabo kuhlukene kakhulu, kanti ama-CPO ayishumi aphezulu anesabelo semakethe esihlanganisiwe esingaphansi kwama-25%.
Esikhathini esizayo, kulindeleke ukuthi abakhiqizi abaningi bazojoyina umncintiswano futhi inzuzo yabo izoqala ukuvela. Izinkampani zaphesheya kwezilwandle zingathola indawo yazo efanele futhi zisebenzise izinzuzo zazo zokuhlangenwe nakho ukugcwalisa izikhala zemakethe. Kodwa-ke, ngesikhathi esifanayo, izinselele nazo zihambisana namathuba, futhi zidinga ukugxila ezindabeni zokuvikelwa kokuhweba kanye nokwakhiwa kwendawo eYurophu.
Kusukela ngo-2022, ukukhula kwezimoto ezintsha zamandla e-United States kuye kwashesha, futhi inani lezimoto kulindeleke ukuthi lifinyelele ezigidini ezi-5 ngo-2023. Kodwa-ke, sekukonke, izigidi ezi-5 zingaphansi kuka-1.8% wenani lilonke lezimoto zabagibeli e-United States, futhi intuthuko yayo ye-EV isalele emuva kweye-European Union kanye ne-China. Ngokusho komgomo womzila wokukhipha ugesi ongenayo ikhabhoni, inani lokuthengisa lezimoto ezintsha zamandla e-United States kumele libe ngaphezu kwengxenye ngo-2030, kanti inani lezimoto e-United States kumele lidlule ezigidini ezingama-30, elibalelwa ku-12%.
Intuthuko ehamba kancane ye-EV iholele ekungaphelelini emakethe yokushaja. Ekupheleni kuka-2023, kunezinqwaba zokushaja zomphakathi ezingu-160,000 e-United States, okulingana nesilinganiso esingu-3,000 kuphela esifundazweni ngasinye. Isilinganiso semoto nenqwaba sicishe sibe ngu-30:1, okuphakeme kakhulu kunesilinganiso se-EU esingu-13:1 kanye nesilinganiso senqwaba yokushaja yomphakathi nentsha eShayina esingu-7.3:1. Ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nesidingo sokushaja sobunikazi be-EV ngo-2030, izinga lokukhula kwezinqwaba zokushaja e-United States kudingeka lande ngokuphindwe kathathu eminyakeni eyisikhombisa ezayo, okungukuthi, isilinganiso okungenani sezinqwaba zokushaja ezingu-50,000 sizongezwa njalo ngonyaka. Ikakhulukazi, inani lezinqwaba zokushaja ze-DC kudingeka licishe liphindwe kabili.
Imakethe yokushaja yase-US inezinkinga ezintathu ezinkulu: ukusatshalaliswa kwemakethe okungalingani, ukuthembeka kokushaja okungekuhle, kanye namalungelo okushaja okungalingani.
Okokuqala, ukusatshalaliswa kokushaja kulo lonke elase-United States akulingana neze. Umehluko phakathi kwezifundazwe ezinenqwaba yokushaja eningi kakhulu nembalwa kakhulu uphindwe izikhathi ezingu-4,000, kanti umehluko phakathi kwezifundazwe ezinenqwaba yokushaja eningi kakhulu nencane kakhulu ngomuntu ngamunye uphindwe izikhathi ezingu-15. Izifundazwe ezinenani elikhulu kakhulu lezindawo zokushaja yiCalifornia, iNew York, iTexas, iFlorida neMassachusetts. IMassachusetts neNew York kuphela ezifanelana kahle nokukhula kwe-EV. Emakethe yase-US, lapho ukushayela kuyisinqumo esikhethwayo sokuhamba ibanga elide, ukusatshalaliswa okunganele kwenqwaba yokushaja kunciphisa intuthuko ye-EV.
Okwesibili, ukwaneliseka kwabasebenzisi bokushaja e-US kuyaqhubeka nokwehla. Intatheli ye-Washington Post yenze ukuvakashela okungazelelwe iziteshi zokushaja okusheshayo ze-CCS eziyi-126 (ezingezona eze-Tesla) eLos Angeles ekupheleni kuka-2023. Izinkinga ezivelele kakhulu ezihlangatshezwene nazo kwakuwukutholakala okuphansi kwama-pile okushaja, izinkinga ezivelele zokuhambisana nokushaja, kanye nolwazi olubi lokukhokha. Ucwaningo lwango-2023 lubonise ukuthi isilinganiso sama-20% abasebenzisi e-United States bahlangabezane nemigqa yokushaja noma ama-pile okushaja onakele. Abathengi babekwazi ukuphuma ngqo kuphela bathole esinye isiteshi sokushaja.
Isipiliyoni sokushaja umphakathi e-United States sisekude kakhulu nalokho okulindelwe ngabasebenzisi futhi singase sibe ngenye yezimakethe ezinkulu ezinesipiliyoni sokushaja esibi kakhulu ngaphandle kweFrance. Ngokuthandwa kwama-EV, ukuphikisana phakathi kwezidingo zomsebenzisi ezikhulayo kanye nokushaja okubuyela emuva kuzobonakala kakhulu.
Okwesithathu, imiphakathi yabamhlophe, ecebile ayinawo ukufinyelela okulinganayo kwamandla okushaja njengeminye imiphakathi. Njengamanje, intuthuko ye-EV e-United States isesesigabeni sayo sokuqala. Uma sibheka amamodeli okuthengisa amakhulu kanye namamodeli amasha ka-2024, abathengi abayinhloko be-EV baseseyisigaba esicebile. Idatha ikhombisa ukuthi ama-70% ezinqwaba zokushaja atholakala ezifundeni ezicebe kakhulu, kanti ama-96% atholakala ezifundeni ezibuswa ngabantu abamhlophe. Nakuba uhulumeni ethambekele ezinqubweni ze-EV kanye nokushaja maqondana nabantu abancane bezinhlanga, imiphakathi empofu kanye nezindawo zasemakhaya, imiphumela ayikakabonakali.
Ukuze kuxazululwe inkinga yokunganeli kwengqalasizinda yokushaja i-EV, i-United States iye yasungula izikweletu ngokulandelana, izinhlelo zokutshalwa kwezimali, futhi yasungula uxhaso lukahulumeni kuzo zonke izigaba.
UMnyango Wezamandla wase-US kanye noMnyango Wezokuthutha bakhiphe ngokubambisana "Izindinganiso Nezidingo Zengqalasizinda Yezimoto Zikagesi Zikazwelonke zase-US" ngoFebhuwari 2023, bebeka amazinga aphansi kanye nemininingwane eningiliziwe yesofthiwe kanye nehadiwe, ukusebenza, ukuthengiselana, kanye nokugcinwa kweziteshi zokushaja. Uma imininingwane isihlangatsheziwe, iziteshi zokushaja zingase zifanelekele uxhaso lwezimali. Ngokusekelwe kumithetho yangaphambilini, uhulumeni wobumbano usemise izinhlelo eziningi zokutshalwa kwezimali zokushaja, ezidluliselwa eminyangweni kahulumeni ukuze zabe izabelomali kohulumeni bezifundazwe minyaka yonke, bese kuba kohulumeni basekhaya.
Njengamanje, imakethe yokushaja yase-US isesesigabeni sokuqala sokukhula, abasanda kuqala basavela, futhi iphethini yokuncintisana ezinzile ayikakhiwa. Imakethe yokusebenza kwenethiwekhi yokushaja yomphakathi yase-US iveza izici ezigxile kakhulu kanye nezinde: Izibalo ze-AFDC zibonisa ukuthi kusukela ngoJanuwari 2024, kunabasebenzi bokushaja abangu-44 e-United States, kanti u-67% wamaqoqo okushaja angaphansi kwamaphuzu amathathu amakhulu okushaja: i-ChargePoint, i-Tesla kanye ne-Blink. Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-CPO, isilinganiso samanye ama-CPO sihlukile kakhulu.
Ukungena kochungechunge lwezimboni lwaseShayina e-United States kungase kuxazulule izinkinga eziningi ezikhona emakethe yokushaja yamanje yase-US. Kodwa njengezimoto ezintsha zamandla, ngenxa yezingozi zezwe, kunzima ezinkampanini zaseShayina ukungena emakethe yase-US ngaphandle kokuthi zakhe amafektri e-United States noma eMexico.
ENingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, abantu abathathu banesithuthuthu. Ama-electrical two-wheelers (E2W) asebephethe imakethe isikhathi eside kakhulu, kodwa imakethe yezimoto isesesigabeni sokuthuthukiswa.
Ukukhuthaza ukuthandwa kwezimoto ezintsha zamandla kusho ukuthi imakethe yaseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia kumele yeqe ngqo isigaba sokuthandwa kwezimoto. Ngo-2023, ama-70% okuthengiswa kwezimoto ze-EV eNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia azovela eThailand, okuyimakethe ehamba phambili yezimoto ze-EV esifundeni. Kulindeleke ukuthi ifinyelele umgomo wokungena kwezinga lokuthengiswa kwezimoto ze-EV ongu-30% ngo-2030, ibe yizwe lokuqala ngaphandle kweSingapore ukungena esigabeni sokuvuthwa kwezimoto ze-EV.
Kodwa okwamanje, intengo yama-EV eNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia isephezulu kakhulu kuneyezimoto zikaphethiloli. Singabenza kanjani abantu abangenazo izimoto ukuthi bakhethe ama-EV lapho bethenga imoto okokuqala? Ungakukhuthaza kanjani ukuthuthukiswa ngasikhathi sinye kwezimakethe zama-EV nokushaja? Izinselele ezibhekene nezinkampani ezintsha zamandla eNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia zinzima kakhulu kunezo ezimakethe ezivuthiwe.
Izici zemakethe yezimoto ze-EV zamazwe aseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia zihluke kakhulu. Zingahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezintathu ngokuya ngokuvuthwa kwemakethe yezimoto kanye nokuqala kwemakethe yezimoto ze-EV.
Isigaba sokuqala yizimakethe zezimoto ezivuthiwe zaseMalaysia naseSingapore, lapho kugxilwe khona ekuthuthukisweni kwezimoto ze-EV ukufaka esikhundleni sezimoto zikaphethiloli, kanti umkhawulo wokuthengisa ngezimoto ze-EV ucacile; isigaba sesibili yimakethe yezimoto yaseThailand, esesigabeni sokukhula sekwephuzile, ngokuthengiswa okukhulu kwezimoto ze-EV nokukhula okusheshayo, futhi kulindeleke ukuthi ibe amazwe okuqala ngaphandle kweSingapore ukungena esigabeni sokuvuthwa kwezimoto ze-EV; isigaba sesithathu yizimakethe eziqala sekwephuzile nezincane zase-Indonesia, eVietnam nasePhilippines. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yenzuzo yazo yabantu kanye nentuthuko yezomnotho, imakethe yezimoto ze-EV yesikhathi eside inamandla amakhulu.
Ngenxa yezigaba ezahlukene zokuthuthukiswa kwe-EV, amazwe nawo anomehluko ekwakhiweni kwezinqubomgomo nemigomo yokushaja.
Ngo-2021, iMalaysia yazibekela umgomo wokwakha izinqwaba zokushaja eziyi-10,000 ngo-2025. Ukwakhiwa kokushaja eMalaysia kusebenzisa isu lokuncintisana emakethe evulekile. Njengoba izinqwaba zokushaja ziqhubeka nokwanda, kubalulekile ukuhlanganisa amazinga esevisi ye-CPO nokusungula ipulatifomu yemibuzo ehlanganisiwe yamanethiwekhi okushaja.
Kusukela ngoJanuwari 2024, iMalaysia inama-charging pile angaphezu kuka-2,000, kanti izinga lokuqedwa okuhlosiwe lingu-20%, lapho ukushaja okusheshayo kwe-DC kubalwa khona u-20%. Iningi lala ma-charging pile ligxile eStraits of Malacca, kanti iGreater Kuala Lumpur neSelangor ezizungeze inhloko-dolobha zingu-60% wama-charging pile ezweni. Ngokufanayo nesimo sakwamanye amazwe aseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, ukwakhiwa kokushaja kusatshalaliswa ngokungalingani futhi kugxile kakhulu emadolobheni amakhulu anabantu abaningi.
Uhulumeni wase-Indonesia uphathise i-PLN Guodian ukwakha ingqalasizinda yokushaja, kanti i-PLN iphinde yakhipha imigomo yenani lama-charging piles kanye neziteshi zokushintshana kwamabhethri ezibalwe ngo-2025 nango-2030. Kodwa-ke, inqubekela phambili yokwakha yayo isele ngemuva komgomo kanye nokukhula kwe-EV, ikakhulukazi ngo-2023. Ngemva kokukhula kokuthengiswa kwe-BEV okusheshisiwe ngo-2016, isilinganiso semoto nenqwaba sanda kakhulu. Ingqalasizinda yokushaja ingaba esinye sezithiyo ezinkulu ekuthuthukisweni kwama-EV e-Indonesia.
Ubunikazi be-E4W kanye ne-E2W eThailand buncane kakhulu, buphethwe yi-BEV. Ingxenye yezimoto zabagibeli zezwe kanye ne-70% ye-BEV zigxile eGreater Bangkok, ngakho-ke ingqalasizinda yokushaja okwamanje igxile eBangkok nasezindaweni ezizungezile. Kusukela ngoSepthemba 2023, iThailand inamaqoqo okushaja angu-8,702, kanye nama-CPO angaphezu kweshumi nambili ahlanganyela. Ngakho-ke, naphezu kokwanda kokuthengiswa kwe-EV, isilinganiso semoto nenqwaba sisafinyelela ezingeni elihle lika-10:1.
Eqinisweni, iThailand inezinhlelo ezifanele mayelana nokuhlelwa kwendawo, isilinganiso se-DC, isakhiwo semakethe, kanye nenqubekela phambili yokwakha. Ukwakhiwa kwayo kokushaja kuzoba ukusekelwa okuqinile kokwenziwa kwaziwe kwezimoto ze-EV.
Imakethe yezimoto yaseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia inesisekelo esibi, futhi intuthuko yezimoto ze-EV isesesigabeni sokuqala kakhulu. Nakuba kulindeleke ukukhula okuphezulu eminyakeni embalwa ezayo, isimo senqubomgomo kanye namathuba emakethe yabathengi akukacaci, futhi kusenendlela ende okufanele ihanjwe ngaphambi kokuthandwa kwangempela kwezimoto ze-EV. Kufanele sihambe.
Ezinkampanini zakwamanye amazwe, indawo ethembisayo kakhulu isekushintsheni kwamandla e-E2W.
Umkhuba wokuthuthukiswa kwe-E2W eNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia ubulokhu uthuthuka. Ngokusho kwesibikezelo seBloomberg New Energy Finance, izinga lokungena kweNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia lizofinyelela ku-30% ngo-2030, ngaphambi kokuba izimoto zikagesi zingene esigabeni sokuvuthwa kwemakethe. Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-EV, iNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia inesisekelo semakethe se-E2W esingcono kanye nesisekelo sezimboni, futhi amathuba okuthuthukiswa kwe-E2W akhanya kakhulu.
Indlela efaneleka kakhulu yezinkampani eziya phesheya kwezilwandle ukuba ngumhlinzeki kunokuncintisana ngqo.
Eminyakeni emibili edlule, izinkampani eziningana ezisafufusa zokushintshana kwamandla kagesi ze-E2W e-Indonesia zithole ukutshalwa kwezimali okukhulu, okuhlanganisa nabatshalizimali abanezizinda zaseShayina. Emakethe yokushintshana kwamandla kagesi ekhula ngokushesha futhi ehlukene kakhulu, zisebenza “njengabathengisi bamanzi”, ezinezingozi ezingalawuleka kakhulu kanye nenzuzo ephezulu. Kucace kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukushintshwa kwamandla kuyimboni enempahla eningi enomjikelezo omude wokubuyisa izindleko. Ngaphansi komkhuba wokuvikelwa kokuhweba komhlaba wonke, ikusasa aliqinisekile futhi akufanele ukuhlanganyela ngqo ekutshalweni kwezimali nasekwakhiweni.
Sungula ibhizinisi elihlangene nezinkampani ezivamile zendawo ukuze usungule umugqa wokukhiqiza we-hardware we-OEM wokufaka esikhundleni sebhethri
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Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Mashi-13-2024
