I. Isingeniso kwezokuxhumana
abakhiqizi besiteshi sokushaja izimotowathi: Ukuxhumana, futhi kusetshenziswe igama elithi ukuxhumana, abanye abantu bakholelwa ukuthi incwadi inemiphumela echemile, kuyilapho izindaba zikhetha inqubo nendlela, kodwa kubonakala sengathi akukho mehluko omkhulu emqondweni wokuhlukanisa ngezigaba awukwazi ukuphambana. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukuxhumana noma ukuxhumana, ukusetshenziswa kwezimpawu ezahlukahlukene, njengogesi, amandla kazibuthe, ukukhanya, njll., ukudlulisa ulwazi oluzovezwa endaweni oya kuyo. Njengesibonelo esilula, uma kukhona abafundi ababili abahlala eSakhiweni 1 naseSakhiweni 2, baxoxa ngokuthi uma bebona ihembe elimhlophe, bazokweqa ikilasi ndawonye namuhla. Lapha kungenziwa lula njengoba, esimweni esithile, ihembe elimhlophe = ukweqa ikilasi ndawonye, kuhambisana nenqubo yokuxhumana, ngaphezu kwezenzo eziningana ezihilelekile: 1. ukulenga ihembe elimhlophe 2. bheka ihembe elimhlophe 3. ukukhanya kwelanga okwanele ukubona ihembe, ngokulandelana, okuhambisana nenkolelo-mbono yokuxhumana yokufaka ikhodi, ukucacisa, isiteshi. Yiqiniso, impilo yangempela yokuxhumana, ukuze ibe yinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kunesibonelo sehembe elimhlophe, isidingo sokuthembeka, ukuzinza, umnotho kanye neminye imibono yokucabangela ukukhetha isiteshi, kanye nezindleko zokufaka ikhodi nokubhala ikhodi njalo njalo, isibonelo, singakhetha i-4G yenethiwekhi yokuxhumana ye-Inthanethi yezinto, kodwa izindleko ziphezulu, ungase ulahle okunye kokuzinza, ukuze ukhethe inethiwekhi yokuxhumana ye-GPRS Internet of Things.
abakhiqizi besiteshi sokushaja izimotowathi: Ngaphezu kwezenzo eziyisisekelo zephrothokholi, ukufaka ikhodi kanye nesiteshi okukhulunywe ngaso ngenhla, udaba olubalulekile ekuxhumaneni kwe-IOT ukwenza inombolo yomsuka nendawo oya kuyo noma yiluphi ulwazi, okungukuthi, ukuveza ngokucacile ukuthi UBANI NGUBANI, ngenombolo kungakwazi ukuhlonza noma iyiphi idivayisi emhlabeni lapho kuvela khona nendawo oya kuyo, futhi ngokusebenzisa indlela efanele, ukwenza ulwazi ngokwendlela ethile okufanele idluliselwe phakathi kwalaba ababili. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi "ukufaka ikheli", okuqala ngokuthi ungabela kanjani ikheli, futhi kuqhubeke nokuthi ungavumela kanjani isignali ukuthi ithole ikheli lapho iya khona ngemithetho ethile.
abakhiqizi besiteshi sokushaja izimotowathi：Imibono emibili ebaluleke kakhulu yekheli ekuxhumaneni kwe-IoT ikheli le-IP kanye nekheli le-MAC. Ikheli le-IP ikheli elisetshenziswa yiphrothokholi ye-inthanethi, kanti ikheli le-MAC ikheli elisetshenziswa yiphrothokholi ye-Ethernet. I-node ngayinye ye-Ethernet inekheli eliyingqayizivele lomhlaba wonke lama-48-bit, eliphethwe yinhlangano ye-IEEE, futhi ikheli le-MAC lishiswa ekhadini ngalinye lenethiwekhi ngumkhiqizi wekhadi. Umkhiqizi wekhadi lenethiwekhi ushisa ikheli le-MAC ekhadini ngalinye, ikheli le-MAC lihlukile njengenombolo yekhadi lobunikazi. Ubudlelwano bemephu phakathi kwekheli le-MAC nekheli le-IP buhlala bukhuliswa futhi bubuyekezwa yi-host ngayinye, okuba "ithebula lemephu yekheli", futhi ikheli le-IP lifaniswa nenombolo yomnyango. Ngakho-ke idivayisi enekhadi elithile le-ID le-MAC1, namuhla ingahlala enombolweni yomnyango i-IP1, ingahlala nangomuso enombolweni yomnyango i-IP2, idivayisi efanayo yekhadi le-ID le-MAC2 nayo ingaba ku-IP1 ukuze ihlale.
Uma kuqhathaniswa namakheli e-IP amakheli e-URL (Uniform Resoure Locator), okusho i-Uniform Resource Locator, ebhekisela ekhelini lamafayela e-inthanethi kuwebhu, ama-URL asebenzisa izinombolo nezinhlamvu ngokulandelana okuthile ukuze anqume ikheli, ama-URL kumele aguqulwe abe izinombolo zomnyango (okungukuthi, amakheli e-IP) ngamaseva e-DNS ukuze athole ukuthi ifayela libekwe kuphi kuseva kuwebhu.
II. Ukuxhumana Ngenqwaba Yezimoto
abakhiqizi besiteshi sokushaja izimotowathi: 1. Ukuxhumana kwe-CAN phakathi kwemoto ne-DC pile kusekelwe ku-GB/T 27930-2023
abakhiqizi besiteshi sokushaja izimotowathi：I-CAN yisifinyezo se-Controller Area Network, esakhiwe yi-BOSCH, inkampani yaseJalimane edume ngokuthuthukiswa nokukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo ye-elekthronikhi yezimoto, futhi ekugcineni yaba yindinganiso yamazwe ngamazwe (ISO11898), futhi ingenye yamabhasi asensimini asetshenziswa kakhulu emhlabeni. ENyakatho Melika naseNtshonalanga Yurophu, iphrothokholi yamabhasi e-CAN isibe yibhasi elijwayelekile lezinhlelo zokulawula amakhompyutha ezimoto kanye nama-LAN okulawula ezimboni afakiwe, futhi inephrothokholi ye-J1939 eyenzelwe amaloli amakhulu nezimoto zemishini esindayo ene-CAN njengephrothokholi eyisisekelo.
abakhiqizi besiteshi sokushaja izimotowathi: Njengamanje, iShayina neJapan zisebenzisa ukuxhumana kwebhasi le-CAN ekushajeni okusheshayo kwe-DC. Ezingeni lethu, ukugeleza okujwayelekile kokushaja kwe-DC kuchazwa kanje: ukuqedwa kokuxhumeka ngokomzimba - amandla aphansi okusiza - ukuxhawulana ngokushaja - ukucushwa kwepharamitha - ukushaja - ukuxhumana ngaphambi kokuphela kokushaja.
abakhiqizi besiteshi sokushaja izimotowathi: Ngemva kokufakwa kwamandla okusiza nge-voltage ephansi, imoto kanye nenqwaba kungena esigabeni sokuxhumana kuze kube sekupheleni. Kuyo yonke inqubo yokuxhumana, imoto kanye nenqwaba yokudlulisa ulwazi phakathi komunye nomunye, sikubiza ngokuthi "umlayezo", okulandelayo kusekelwe esifinyezweni sencazelo yemiyalezo ejwayelekile kazwelonke, eqala ngo-C ngolwazi lwenqwaba yokushaja, u-B uqala ngemoto i-VCU, ulwazi lwe-BMS, ngalezi zincazelo, singazi ukuthi inqubo yokushaja, imoto kagesi kanye nenqwaba yokushaja cishe lokho okudingeka kushintshwe phakathi kwazo.
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Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Agasti-01-2024
