I. I youngeli lezokuxhumana
abakhiqizi beziteshi zokushaja imotoUthe: Ukuxhumana, futhi wasebenzisa ukuxhumana kwamagama, abanye abantu bakholelwa ukuthi le ncwadi inemiphumela enobandlululo, ngenkathi izindaba zithanda inqubo nendlela, kepha kubonakala sengathi akubonakali ngabomvu kakhulu emcabangweni wezigaba awukwazi ukuhamba. Noma ngabe ukuxhumana noma ukuxhumana, ukusetshenziswa kwezimpawu ezahlukahlukene, njengogesi, ubusika, ukukhanya, njll., Ukudlulisa imininingwane okufanele ivezwe lapho iya khona. Njengesibonelo esilula, uma kunabafundi ababili abahlala ekwakheni 1 nokwakha 2, baxoxa ngokuthi uma bebona ihembe elimhlophe, bazokweqa isigaba ndawonye namuhla. Lapha kungenziwa lula njengokuthi, esimweni esithile, ihembe elimhlophe = ukweqa isigaba, ngaphezu kwezenzo eziningana ezithintekayo: 1. Bheka ihembe elimhlophe 2. Bheka ihembe elimhlophe 2. Usuku lukhanya ngokwanele ukubona Ihembe, ngokulandelana, elihambelana nenkolelo yokuxhumana yokufaka ikhodi, ukuhumusha, isiteshi. Vele, impilo yangempela yezokuxhumana, ukuze ibe nzima ngokwedlulele kunesibonelo sehembe elimhlophe, isidingo sokwethenjwa, ukuqina, umnotho kanye nezinye izindlela zokubheka ukukhethwa kwesiteshi, kanye nokuthola imali Izinsiza nokunye, ngokwesibonelo, singakhetha i-4g ye-Intanethi ye-Internet yezinto inethiwekhi yokuxhumana, kepha izindleko ziphezulu, ungahle unikeze okunye ukuqina, ukukhetha i-GPRS Internet yezinto zokuxhumana ngenethiwekhi.
abakhiqizi beziteshi zokushaja imotouthe: Ngaphezu kwezenzo eziyisisekelo ze-protocol, ukufaka ikhodi nesiteshi esishiwo ngenhla, udaba olubalulekile ekuxhumaneni kwe-IOT ukwenza inombolo yemvelaphi nendawo yanoma yiluphi ulwazi, ngenombolo Ungakhomba noma iyiphi idivaysi emhlabeni ngemvelaphi nendawo lapho uya khona, nangomshini ofanele, yenza imininingwane ngokwendlela ethile okufanele idluliselwe phakathi kwalokhu okubili. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi "ukubhekisisa", okuqala ngokuthi ungawanikeza kanjani ikheli, futhi uqhubeke nokuthi ungavumela kanjani isiginali ukuthola ikheli lendawo ngemithetho ethile.
abakhiqizi beziteshi zokushaja imotoYathi: Imiqondo emibili ebaluleke kakhulu yekheli ekuxhumaneni kwe-IOT yikheli le-IP nekheli le-MAC. Ikheli le-IP ikheli elisetshenziswa yi-Intanethi ye-Intanethi, ngenkathi ikheli le-MAC ikheli elisetshenziswa yi-Ethernet Protocol. I-node ngayinye ye-Ethernet inekheli elihlukile lomhlaba jikelele le-48-bit, elilawulwa yi-IEEE inhlangano, futhi ikheli le-MAC lishiswa ekhadini ngalinye lenethiwekhi ngumkhiqizi wekhadi. Umkhiqizi wekhadi lenethiwekhi eshisa ikheli le-MAC ekhadini ngalinye, ikheli le-MAC lihlukile njengenombolo yekhadi lomazisi. Ubudlelwano bemephu phakathi kwekheli le-MAC nekheli le-IP lihlala likhuphuka futhi livuselelwa ngumgcini ngamunye, osephuphuthemende lemephu yekheli ", nekheli le-IP lifaniswa nenombolo yomnyango. Ngakho-ke idivaysi enekhadi le-mac1 elithile le-mac1, namuhla lingangena kwi-IP1 yomnyango ukuze lihlale, lingathola futhi kusasa enombolo yomnyango i-IP2 ukuze uhlale, idivaysi yekhadi le-ID efanayo le-Mac2 lingaba ku-IP1 ukuze lihlale.
Ukuqhathaniswa namakheli we-IP yi-URL (Uniform Izinsiza zendawo), okusho ukuthi i-Uniform Resource Locator, ebhekisa ekhelini lamafayela e-Intanethi kuwebhu, ama-URL asebenzisa i-Order kanye ne-URLs kufanele aguqulwe abe yizinombolo zomnyango (IE, amakheli we-IP) ngamaseva we-DNS ukuthola ukuthi ifayili libekwe kuphi kuseva kuwebhu.
II. Ukuxhumana kwe-Pile Yezimoto
abakhiqizi beziteshi zokushaja imotowathi: 1. Ungakwazi ukuxhumana phakathi kwemoto ne-DC PILE kususelwa ku-GB / T 27930-2023
abakhiqizi beziteshi zokushaja imotouthe: Ngabe isifinyezo senethiwekhi yendawo yokulawula, ethuthukiswa yiBosch, inkampani yaseJalimane eyadume ngokuthuthuka kanye nokukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo ye-autopive electronic, futhi ekugcineni yaba yinkambu ye-International (i-ISO11898), futhi ingenye yensimu esetshenziswa kakhulu amabhasi emhlabeni. ENyakatho Melika naseNtshonalanga Yurophu, ingabe umthetho wephrothokholi yebhasi, ingaba yinkomba ejwayelekile yezinhlelo zokulawula ama-computer ezithunzini nezimboni zokulawula izimboni, futhi ine-protocol ye-J1939 eyenzelwe amaloli amakhulu ane-can njenge-protocol engaphansi.
abakhiqizi beziteshi zokushaja imotoKuthiwa: Okwamanje, China kanye neJapan Ukusebenzisa kungaxhumana ngebhasi ekushayweni kwebhasi ngokushesha. Esindinganisweni sethu, ukugeleza okujwayelekile kokushaja kwe-DC kuchazwa njengokulandelayo: Ukuqedwa kokuxhumana okubonakalayo - Ukushaja i-Acuxiliary-Up - Ukushaja I-Handshake - Ukulungiswa kwepharamitha - Ukushaywa - Ukuxhumana ngaphambi kokuphela - ukuphela kokugcina.
abakhiqizi beziteshi zokushaja imotowathi: Ngemuva kwe-Low-Voltage usize amandla-up, imoto kanye nenqwaba faka isigaba sokuxhumana kuze kube sekupheleni. Kuyo yonke inqubo yokuxhumana, imoto kanye nolwazi lokudluliswa kwenqwaba phakathi komunye nomunye, sikubiza ngokuthi "umyalezo", okulandelayo kusekelwe kwisifinyezo sencazelo yencwadi kazwelonke yokukhokhisa, i-B iqala ngemoto Imininingwane ye-VCU, i-BMS, ngalezi zincazelo, singazi ukuthi inqubo yokushaja, imoto kagesi kanye nokushaja inqwaba ngokudingeka ukuthi ishintshwe phakathi kwazo.
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Isikhathi sePosi: Aug-01-2024
