I. Izici Zokuziphatha Kokushaja Komsebenzisi
1. Ukuthandwa kweUkushaja Okusheshayo
Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi abasebenzisi abangu-95.4% bakhetha ukushaja okusheshayo, kuyilapho ukusetshenziswa kokushaja okuhamba kancane kuqhubeka nokwehla. Lo mkhuba ubonisa isidingo esikhulu sabasebenzisi sokusebenza kahle kokushaja, njengoba ukushaja okusheshayo kunikeza amandla engeziwe ngesikhathi esifushane, kuhlangabezana nezidingo zokuhamba zansuku zonke.
2. Izinguquko Esikhathini Sokushaja
Ngenxa yokwenyuka kwamanani kagesi ntambama kanye nezimali zesevisi, isilinganiso sokushaja phakathi kuka-14:00-18:00 sehle kancane. Lesi simo sibonisa ukuthi abasebenzisi bacabangela izici zezindleko lapho bekhetha izikhathi zokushaja, belungisa amashejuli abo ukuze anciphise izindleko.
3. Ukwanda Kweziteshi Zokushaja Zomphakathi Ezinamandla Aphezulu
Phakathi kweziteshi zokushaja zomphakathi, isilinganiso seziteshi zamandla aphezulu (ngaphezu kuka-270kW) sifinyelele ku-3%. Lolu shintsho lubonisa ukuthambekela kwezindawo zokushaja ezisebenza kahle, okuhambisana nezidingo zabasebenzisi zokushaja ngokushesha.
4. Ukuthambekela Eziteshini Zokushaja Ezincane
Ingxenye yokwakha yeziteshi zokushaja ezinamashaja angu-11-30 yehle ngamaphesenti angu-29, okubonisa ukuthambekela kweziteshi ezincane nezisakazeke kakhulu. Abasebenzisi bakhetha iziteshi zokushaja ezincane ezisakazeke kabanzi ukuze kube lula ukuzisebenzisa nsuku zonke.
5. Ukusabalala Kokushaja Kwama-Cross-Operator
Abasebenzisi abangaphezu kuka-90% bakhokhisa kubasebenzi abaningi, ngesilinganiso esingu-7. Lokhu kusikisela ukuthi imakethe yesevisi yokushaja ihlukene kakhulu, futhi abasebenzisi badinga ukwesekwa kubasebenzi abaningi ukuze bahlangabezane nezidingo zabo zokushaja.
6. Ukwanda Kokushaja Kwe-Cross-City
Abasebenzisi abangu-38.5% bahlanganyela ekushajeni phakathi kwamadolobha, kanti ubuningi buhlanganisa amadolobha angu-65. Ukwanda kokushaja phakathi kwamadolobha kubonisa ukuthi irediyasi yokuhamba yabasebenzisi bezimoto zikagesi iyanda, okudinga ukumbozwa okubanzi kwamanethiwekhi okushaja.
7. Amakhono Okuthuthuka Ebanga
Njengoba amakhono obubanzi bezimoto ezintsha zamandla ethuthuka, ukukhathazeka kwabasebenzisi ngokushaja kuyancishiswa ngempumelelo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi intuthuko yezobuchwepheshe ezimotweni zikagesi ibhekana kancane kancane nezinkinga zabasebenzisi zobubanzi.
II. Ucwaningo Lokwaneliseka Kokushaja Komsebenzisi
1. Ukuthuthukiswa Kokwaneliseka Okuphelele
Ukwaneliseka kokushaja okuthuthukisiwe kuholele ekukhuleni kokuthengiswa kwezimoto ezintsha zamandla. Okuhlangenwe nakho kokushaja okusebenzayo nokulula kuthuthukisa ukuzethemba nokwaneliseka kwabasebenzisi ngezimoto zikagesi.
2. Izici Zokukhetha Izinhlelo Zokushaja
Abasebenzisi bayakwazisa kakhulu ukumbozwa kweziteshi zokushaja lapho bekhetha izinhlelo zokusebenza zokushaja. Lokhu kusho ukuthi abasebenzisi bafuna izinhlelo zokusebenza ezibasiza ukuthola iziteshi zokushaja ezengeziwe ezitholakalayo, okwandisa ukulula kokushaja.
3. Izinkinga Ngokuzinza Kwemishini
Abasebenzisi abangu-71.2% bakhathazekile ngogesi kanye nokungazinzi kwamandla kagesi emishinini yokushaja. Ukuzinza kwemishini kuthinta ngqo ukuphepha kokushaja kanye nolwazi lomsebenzisi, okwenza kube yindawo ebalulekile yokugxila.
4. Inkinga Yezimoto Zikaphethiloli Ezisebenzisa Izindawo Zokushaja
Abasebenzisi abangu-79.2% babheka izimoto zikaphethiloli ezisebenzisa izindawo zokushaja njengenkinga eyinhloko, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi samaholide. Izimoto zikaphethiloli ezisebenzisa izindawo zokushaja zivimbela izimoto zikagesi ukuthi zingashaji, okuthinta kakhulu ulwazi lomsebenzisi.
5. Izimali Zesevisi Zokushaja Eziphezulu
Abasebenzisi abangu-74.0% bakholelwa ukuthi izimali zesevisi zokushaja ziphakeme kakhulu. Lokhu kubonisa ukuzwela kwabasebenzisi ezindleleni zokushaja kanye nezimfuno zokwehlisa izimali zesevisi ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle kwezindleko zezinsizakalo zokushaja.
6. Ukwaneliseka Okuphezulu Ngokukhokhiswa Komphakathi Kwasemadolobheni
Ukwaneliseka ngezindawo zokushaja zomphakathi zasemadolobheni kufinyelele ku-94%, kanti abasebenzisi abangu-76.3% banethemba lokuqinisa ukwakhiwa kwezindawo zokushaja zomphakathi emiphakathini. Abasebenzisi bafuna ukufinyelela kalula ezindaweni zokushaja empilweni yansuku zonke ukuze bathuthukise ukushaja okulula.
7. Ukwaneliseka Okuphansi Ngokushaja Umgwaqo Omkhulu
Ukwaneliseka kokushaja emigwaqweni emikhulu kuphansi kakhulu, njengoba abasebenzisi abangu-85.4% bekhala ngezikhathi ezinde zomugqa. Ukuntuleka kwezindawo zokushaja emigwaqweni emikhulu kuthinta kakhulu ulwazi lokushaja kokuhamba ibanga elide, okudinga ukwanda kwenani namandla eziteshi zokushaja.
III. Ukuhlaziywa Kwezimpawu Zokuziphatha Kokushaja Komsebenzisi
1. Izici Zesikhathi Sokushaja
Uma kuqhathaniswa no-2022, intengo kagesi phakathi kuka-14:00-18:00 ikhuphuke cishe ngama-yuan angu-0.07 nge-kWh. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi amaholide anjani, ukuthambekela kwezikhathi zokushaja kusafana, okugqamisa ithonya lamanani ekuziphatheni kokushaja.
2. Izici Zezikhathi Zokushaja Ezilodwa
Iseshini yokushaja eyodwa emaphakathi ifaka ama-kWh angu-25.2, ihlala imizuzu engu-47.1, futhi ibiza ama-yuan angu-24.7. Ivolumu yokushaja eyodwa emaphakathi yamashaja asheshayo iphakeme ngama-kWh angu-2.72 kunamashaja ahamba kancane, okubonisa isidingo esikhulu sokushaja okusheshayo.
3. Izici Zokusetshenziswa kwe-Fast andUkushaja Okuhamba Kancane
Iningi labasebenzisi, okuhlanganisa izimoto zangasese, zamatekisi, zezentengiselwano, kanye nezokusebenza, bayazwela isikhathi sokushaja. Izinhlobo ezahlukene zezimoto zisebenzisa ukushaja okusheshayo nokuhamba kancane ngezikhathi ezahlukene, kanti izimoto ezisebenzayo zisebenzisa kakhulu ukushaja okusheshayo.
4. Izici Zokusetshenziswa Kwamandla Endawo Yokushaja
Abasebenzisi bakhetha kakhulu amashaja anamandla aphezulu angaphezu kuka-120kW, kanti angu-74.7% akhetha izikhungo ezinjalo, okuwukwenyuka ngamaphesenti angu-2.7 kusukela ngo-2022. Isilinganiso samashaja angaphezu kuka-270kW naso siyanda.
5. Ukukhetha Izindawo Zokushaja
Abasebenzisi bakhetha iziteshi ezinezinkokhelo zokupaka zamahhala noma zesikhathi esilinganiselwe. Ingxenye yokwakha yeziteshi ezinezishaja ezingu-11-30 inciphile, okubonisa ukuthi abasebenzisi bakhetha iziteshi ezincane ezihlakazekile ezinezindawo ezisekelayo ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zokushaja futhi kuncishiswe ukukhathazeka "kokulinda isikhathi eside".
6. Izici Zokushaja Zomqhubi Ohlukile
Abasebenzisi abangaphezu kuka-90% bahlanganyela ekushajeni kwabasebenzisi abahlukahlukene, ngesilinganiso sabasebenzisi abangu-7 kanye nobuningi obungu-71. Lokhu kubonisa ukuthi ububanzi besevisi yomqhubi oyedwa abukwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zabasebenzisi, futhi kunesidingo esikhulu samapulatifomu okusebenza kokushaja okuhlanganisiwe.
7. Izici Zokushaja Ezinqamula Idolobha
Ama-38.5% abasebenzisi bahlanganyela ekushajeni phakathi kwamadolobha, okuwukwenyuka ngamaphesenti ayi-15 kusuka kuma-23% ka-2022. Inani labasebenzisi abashaja emadolobheni angu-4-5 nalo likhuphukile, okubonisa ukwanda kwerediyasi yokuhamba.
8. Izici ze-SOC Ngaphambi Nangemva Kokushaja
Abasebenzisi abangu-37.1% baqala ukushaja lapho i-SOC yebhethri ingaphansi kuka-30%, ukwehla okukhulu kusuka ku-62% wangonyaka odlule, okubonisa inethiwekhi yokushaja ethuthukisiwe kanye nokuncipha "kokukhathazeka kobubanzi." Abasebenzisi abangu-75.2% bayayeka ukushaja lapho i-SOC ingaphezu kuka-80%, okubonisa ukuqwashisa kwabasebenzisi ngokusebenza kahle kokushaja.
IV. Ukuhlaziywa Kokwaneliseka Kokushaja Komsebenzisi
1. Ulwazi Lohlelo Lokusebenza Lokushaja Olucacile Nolunembile
Abasebenzisi abangu-77.4% bakhathazekile kakhulu ngokusabalala okuphansi kweziteshi zokushaja. Abasebenzisi abangaphezu kwengxenye bathola ukuthi izinhlelo zokusebenza ezinezisebenzisi ezimbalwa ezisebenzisanayo noma izindawo zokushaja ezinganembile zivimbela ukushaja kwazo kwansuku zonke.
2. Ukuphepha Nokuzinza Kokushaja
Abasebenzisi abangu-71.2% bakhathazekile nge-voltage engazinzile kanye nogesi emishinini yokushaja. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinkinga ezifana nezingozi zokuvuza kanye nokunqamuka kwamandla okungalindelekile ngesikhathi sokushaja nazo zikhathaza ingxenye yabasebenzisi.
3. Ukuphelela Kwenethiwekhi Yokushaja
Abasebenzisi abangu-70.6% bagqamisa inkinga yokumbozwa kwenethiwekhi okuphansi, kanti abangaphezu kwesigamu baphawula ukumbozwa kokushaja okusheshayo okunganele. Kunesidingo sokuthuthukisa inethiwekhi yokushaja.
4. Ukuphathwa Kweziteshi Zokushaja
Abasebenzisi abangu-79.2% babona ukuthi ukuhlala kwezimoto zikaphethiloli ezindaweni zokushaja kuyinkinga enkulu. Ohulumeni basekhaya abahlukahlukene bethule izinqubomgomo zokubhekana nalokhu, kodwa inkinga isaqhubeka.
5. Ukufaneleka Kwezimali Zokukhokhisa
Abasebenzisi bakhathazeke kakhulu ngezimali zokushaja eziphezulu kanye nezindleko zesevisi, kanye nemisebenzi yokukhushulwa engacacile. Njengoba inani lezimoto ezizimele likhuphuka, izimali zesevisi zihambisana nesipiliyoni sokushaja, kanye nezindleko eziphezulu zezinsizakalo ezithuthukisiwe.
6. Ukuhlelwa Kwezindawo Zokushaja Zomphakathi Zasemadolobheni
Abasebenzisi abangu-49% banelisekile ngezindawo zokushaja zasemadolobheni. Abasebenzisi abangaphezu kuka-50% banethemba lokushaja okulula eduze kwezindawo zokuthenga, okwenza ukushaja indawo okuyo kube yingxenye ebalulekile yenethiwekhi.
7. Ukukhokhiswa Komphakathi Komphakathi
Abasebenzisi bagxila ekulula kwezindawo zokushaja. I-Charging Alliance kanye ne-China Urban Planning and Design Institute baqalise ngokuhlanganyela umbiko wocwaningo lokushaja umphakathi ukukhuthaza ukwakhiwa kwezindawo zokushaja umphakathi.
8. Ukushaja Umgwaqo Omkhulu
Ezimweni zokushaja emgwaqweni omkhulu, abasebenzisi babhekana nokukhathazeka okukhulu kokushaja, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi samaholide. Ukuvuselelwa nokuthuthukiswa kwemishini yokushaja emgwaqweni omkhulu kuya kumashaja anamandla aphezulu kuzonciphisa kancane kancane lokhu kukhathazeka.
V. Iziphakamiso Zokuthuthukiswa
1. Lungiselela Ukuhlelwa Kwengqalasizinda Yokushaja
Ukuxhumanisa ukwakhiwa kwenethiwekhi yokushaja ehlangene ezindaweni zasemadolobheni nezasemakhaya ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukwakheka kwengqalasizinda yokushaja futhi kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zomsebenzisi.
2. Thuthukisa Izindawo Zokushaja Zomphakathi
Hlola imodeli "yokwakha okuhlangene, ukusebenza okuhlangene, isevisi ehlangene" ukuze uthuthukise ukwakhiwa kwezindawo zokushaja zomphakathi zomphakathi, wandise ukulula kwezakhamuzi.
3. Yakha Izikhungo Zokugcina Ilanga Ezihlanganisiwe kanye Nezokushaja
Khuthaza ukwakhiwa kwezindawo zokugcina amandla elanga ezihlanganisiwe kanye neziteshi zokushaja ukuze kwakheke amazinga ahlanganisiwe embonini, okuthuthukisa ukuzinza kwezindawo zokushaja.
4. Qamba Amamodeli Okusebenza Kwesikhungo Sokushaja
Khuthaza uhlelo lokulinganisa iziteshi zokushaja, ushicilele izindinganiso zezindawo zokushaja izimoto zikagesi kanye nokuhlolwa kweziteshi, bese uzisebenzisa kancane kancane ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yesevisi.
5. Khuthaza Ingqalasizinda Yokushaja Okuhlakaniphile
Sebenzisa ingqalasizinda yokushaja ehlakaniphile ukuqinisa ukusebenzisana kwemoto negridi kanye nokuthuthukiswa kokubambisana.
6. Thuthukisa Ukuxhumana Kwezikhungo Zokushaja Zomphakathi
Qinisa ukuxhumana kwezikhungo zokushaja zomphakathi ukuze kuthuthukiswe amandla okubambisana kochungechunge lwemboni kanye nohlelo lwemvelo.
7. Nikeza Izinsizakalo Zokushaja Ezihlukahlukene
Njengoba inani labanikazi bezimoto landa, izinhlobo ezahlukene zabanikazi bezimoto kanye nezimo zidinga izinsizakalo zokushaja ezahlukahlukene. Khuthaza ukuhlola amamodeli ebhizinisi amasha afanele izidingo eziningi zokushaja zabasebenzisi bezimoto ezintsha zamandla.
Xhumana nathi:
Ukuze uthole ukubonisana komuntu siqu kanye nemibuzo mayelana nezixazululo zethu zokushaja, sicela uxhumane noLesley:
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Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Juni-05-2024
